Meninges

Meningitis is an acute inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges. The inflammation may be caused by infection with viruses, bacteria, or other microorganisms, and less commonly by certain drugs. Meningitis can be life - threatening because of the inflammation’s proximity to the brain and spinal cord; therefore, the condition is classified as a medical emergency. The most common symptoms of meningitis are headache and neck stiffness

spinal cord the brain stem also keeps people breathing. Sorting the messages that the brain and the rest of the body sends is also a part of its job. The brain is a fragile organ. Although it is protected by the scalp, skull and the three layers of meninges there is still a possibility that it can still be injured. Head injury occurs when an external mechanical force causes brain dysfunction. Penetrating and closed head injuries are the two major types of brain injuries. Penetrating head injuries

of the brain itself. Other injuries that can occur are damage to the neck, spine, and possible retinal hemorrhages or detachment. Extradural, subdural, and subarachnoid hemorrhages are best understood by reviewing the anatomy of the meninges. The meninges are divided into three layers: the dura mater, arachnoid layer, and pia mater. The dura mater lines the inner surfaces of the skull and forms partial divisions in the cortex of the brain. The dura mater is attached to the skull, particularly

damage of some of the nerve endings in the cochlea of the ear. The first 48 hours are critical in detecting and reversing hearing loss in patients. Another complication is facial weakness and blindness, which is the outcome of inflammation of the meninges, which can affect the cranial nerves. These nerves supply the head and neck with their blood supply so when that is affected, the resulting nerve is

In nineteenth century Geneva, a family came down with a strange disease— one that had never previously been diagnosed. In a short time, many people in their town were infected and thirty-three people were left dead. This strange disease was later determined to be meningitis. In 1806, the United States saw its first outbreak of meningitis in Massachusetts. It was not until 1887, however, that Professor Anton Weichselbaum was able to determine a cause of meningitis: a bacterium called Neisseria meningitides

Meningitis is inflammation of the meninges of the brain and/or spinal cord. There are five types of meningitis: bacterial, viral, fungal, parasitic, and non-infectious. Meningitis is more often seen in children and acute bacterial meningitis can be fatal if not treated in the early stages. Five types of pathogens - E. coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Haemophilus influenza type b and group b streptococcus - have previously been reported as the top causes of meningitis. From

Meningitis and Encephalitis What is the distinction amongst meningitis and encephalitis? Meningitis is an aggravation of the meninges and the layers that encompass the cerebrum, while encephalitis is an irritation of the mind itself. The reasons for meningitis and encephalitis incorporate microscopic organisms, infections, growths, and parasites. Debilitated individuals might be more helpless, anybody with good health can be affected. Now and again, Meningitis can likewise be caused by maladies

Listeria meningitis [9]. As soon as the bacteria gain a way of going into the bloodstream, they are prosperous in preventing phagocytosis by neutrophils for the reason of the fact of a polysaccharide capsule. Bacteria in a direct manner move into the meninges as a result of an ear or sinus infection, skull fractures, and surgery [7]. Streptococcus pneumonia is present with infants less than 1 month. For children who are 1 to 3 months, Streptococcus

Assignment D Case Study Chapter 11 (6th) 1. D. Nerve impulses from motor neuromuscular junctions are unable to fully stimulate the affected muscle because the antibodies target the acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction. As a result, the muscles are not told to fire properly. 2. A. Increases the availability of acetylcholine at postsynaptic receptor sites. Edrophonium chloride blocks the breakdown of the acetylcholine and would make the muscles stronger. 3. C. Increase muscle excitation

is a severe disease that humans can get at any age,but the symptoms can be different,(Anthony D. Harris, M.D., Associate Professor of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Maryland.) meningitis happens when the membranes,also called meninges are infected that line and protect the fluid,brain,and the spinal cord.The history of meningitis,5 types of meningitis,,symptoms,side effects,and ways to prevent this frightening disease are all true facts but it isn’t something any human would want