Microsatellite

10 THE DEVELOPMENT AND ANALYSIS OF MICROSATELLITE DNA Summary Due to the significant negative impact of the industrial activities on the habitat, many species have become endangered. To conserve the species, a thorough investigation is needed. In this case, the research is based on the study the interdependencies between the genotype and spatial dispersal of populations. Despite being endangered, turtles comprise rather specific object for such investigations, as well as any other long-lived organisms

thousands of tandem repeats in one site, as well as minisatellite and microsatellite DNA, depending on the number of repeats (Vanhala et al., 1998). These minisatellites are defined regions of DNA with polymorphisms in the number of repeated nucleotide

Discussion Mayden (1993) used E. zonatum for comparisons in describing the new species E. alabamae. Comparing Cypress Creek to sampled E. zonatum populations in the 1993 Mayden paper show that males in Cypress Creek fell into accepted ranges for known populations but looking at the means for body measurements on average males from Cypress Creek were smaller than those measured by Mayden. Female measurements from Cypress Creek paralleled those seen in Mayden’s comparison. However, females from

Microsatellites are sequences of repeated adjacent nucleotides, inherited both maternally and paternally. However, mtDNA is a maternally inherited marker, which can be examined for genetic dissimilarity between populations based upon haplotypes. These markers

and microsatellites (Jarne and Lagoda, 1996). That leads to the development of a new type of marker that is single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (He et al., 2003). However, AFLP markers are devoid of dense marker maps, so still used for QTL mapping and genetic diversity studies in species (Nicholas, 1997; Van Haeringen et al., 2001). With time the RFLPs was replaced by microsatellites for building genetic maps in human and animal species. Factor responsible for development of microsatellites are

Evaluation of microsatellite cross amplification for population genetic study of Caribbean Sharpnose shark Rhizoprionodon porosus (Carcharhinidae) in Colombian Caribbean. The Caribbean sharpnose shark, Rhizoprionodon porosus is an important resource for artisanal small-scale fisheries. It is one of the most abundant coastal sharks within its distribution range, and plays an important role as a predator in coastal marine ecosystems. For its coastal habits, it is susceptible to intensive extraction

Q.1. To determine the solo-LTR region I first ran an electronic PCR on s240c3, s165c5 and s399c8 primers. I then aligned the PCR products to each other using a series BLAST searches, identifying a related sequence of ~968bp expected to be the same in each PCR product. Using BLAST I identified the start and end points of this sequence in relation to each of the PCR products of the 3 primers used in the experiment, allowing me to determine the direct repeats and thus pick out the Solo-LTR sequence

What are molecular markers? • DNA sequences that show polymorphisms (variations in size or sequence) in the population. They provide information about allelic variation at a given locus. Properties of molecular markers: 1. Polymorphic 2. Frequently distributed along the genome 3. Easily detected 4. Reproducible 5. Most are co-dominant but a few are dominant (RAPD) Common Molecular Markers: • RFLP: Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism • AFLP: Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism • RAPD:

Genetic Bottlenecks & The Founder Effect Introduction The concept of evolution is sometimes debatable and disagreeable across a range of countries, cultures and religions. However this is strongly influenced or even the result of how the media and box office movies portrays evolution as a very different concept to what is actually taught today. The basic definition of Evolution is the changes in population allele frequencies over time. With the 'population' being the smallest unit which can evolve

of CGG repeats, such risk shows a 10-fold increase. The AGG inserts may then influence the remodelling phenomena essential for the modulation of the neurosignals, as they limit the further expansion of the CGG repeats (Eichler et al., 1994). Microsatellites and triplet repeats probably contribute, during the adaptive evolution, to the species diversity, thus representing a central mutational event (Kashi and King,