Mitochondrial DNA

The process of gene therapy involves the use of a Viral Vector (Most Common Form) other forms of delivery which are non-viral include the injection of naked DNA, sonoporation and magnetofection. Diagram 1 .1 Shows us how an unmodified Virus under normal conditions work. How It Works? The viruses DNA is removed and replaced by the needed DNA that corresponds to the specific required gene, which is then to be inserted into a human body, once its inside, the cell's gene-reading machinery uses the

organism’s genetic material is altered by introducing a new DNA. It is where a gene is artificially removed from one organism and transmitted into another using biotechnology. Its goal is to provide with one or more traits that are not found in recipient organism, giving it the ability to perform a certain action, which the organism in nature cannot. DNA and proteins are very important aspects in order to understand genetic engineering. DNA is the genetic material that is found in every organism. It

diseases/disorders, in these situations the disease is passed on through generations through our parents’ genes. In human, there are 23 pairs of chromosomes (22 autosomal pairs and 1 pair of sex chromosomes), our chromosomes are organized into short segments of DNA called genes, and these genes make up our chromosomes. Our chromosomes can tell us if we have a disease or not, certain disease appear in certain chromosomes that help us determine what type of genetic disease the disease is. Variations of our genes

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionary conserved small (21-23 nucleotide long) non-coding RNA molecules that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. The human genome encodes for upward of 500 miRNAs and each can usually regulate a whole set of genes involved in various kinds of molecular mechanisms although a lot of mRNA targets of individual miRNAs are still not known. miRNAs are involved in regulation of crucial functions related to cell growth, development and differentiation

Epigenetic modifications on histones and DNA exercise precise regulation of gene expression, and thus have a profound influence on cellular differentiation and function. The most widely studied modification on DNA is 5 methylcytosine (5mC) that frequently occurs in a CpG dinucleotide context. Initially, the de novo DNA methyltransferase (Dnmt) enzymes Dnmt3a and 3b mediate the transfer of the methyl group to cytosine, while the maintenance Dnmt1 ensures subsequent propagation of this mark through

what we are learning and discussing in class. This movie was able to make everything more clear as it showed and explained concepts in more description. This movie seemed very futuristic and science fiction to me but the key concepts dealing with DNA and pregnancies are reality. When Jerome’s parents visited a genetics center for a second child, the geneticist stated that he took the liberty of getting rid of any potential harmful or threatening conditions that could cause issues such as premature

The Human Genome Project (HGP) began in 1990 with funding from the Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health with the goal of decoding the human genome. Researchers from across the world are working in conjunction to understand the sequence of amino acid base pairs and how they interact with one another to elicit specific genetic reactions. Once the decoding of the genome takes place, scientists will be able to develop individual treatment plans and understand a number of diseases

Genetically modified otherwise known as GM food are organisms which DNA which is genetic material has been altered in a way that is unnatural. The technology that is used for this process has many names such as gene technology, modern biotechnology or generic engineering. Scientists choose selected genes to be taken from one entity and placed into another they may or may not be related. Genetically modified food was first established with the hopes of conquering world hunger by altering various types

“Live the life you’ve imagined”, wrote on cover page of my notebook gave by my mentor Dr. Xu. When I was six, I witnessed my aunt suffering from serious rheumatoid arthritis and nobody even know why it happened. I imagined one day I can be a scientist to find out the causes for all those brutal diseases and fight against them. This compass navigates my career path and leads me to where I am right now, a biology student in University of Kansas. My professional journey started at 2007, my freshman

Introduction RNA interference (RNAi) is a biological process where a double stranded RNA (dsRNA) activates the degradation of the sequence-dependent RNA target cell, causing a posttranscrip-tional gene-silencing mechanism or inhibition of cellular gene expression. 1 This mechanism was first discovered in Caenorhabditis elegans in 1998 by Andrew Z. Fire and Craig C. Mello, where they observed that the introduction of the dsRNA in the animal cell resulted in an inhibition expression of the homologous