Model organism

Abstract In order to understand what a model organism is, we have to take a look into one of the most widely used organisms in genetics; Caenorhabditis elegans a nematode known for its male and hermaphrodite parts. Also known to be the most useful model organism because it is transparent, small in size and easy to cultivate. For this experiment we will be analyzing genes that regulate biological processes. The main focus will be what geneticists’ call the forward genetic screen, this technique is

During the course of the past thirty years, the study of model organisms has become more significant in the study of embryological development. A model organism is a species that is easy to cultivate and monitor in a laboratory environment and is used to represent broad groups of organisms. Examples of successful and important model organisms include the Ascidia, Zebrafish, and Medeka species. Through intense researching of these organisms, scientists have been able to gain valuable insight into

A model organism is a non-human species that is extensively studied to understand particular biological phenomena, with the expectation that discoveries made in the organism model will provide insight into the workings of other organisms. Model organisms are in vivo models and are widely used to research human disease when human experimentation would be unfeasible or unethical. This strategy is made possible by the common descent of all living organisms and the conservation of metabolic and developmental

The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is an extensively studied model organism. Its steadfast presence since the early 20th century, has led to significant findings and contributions in classical genetics, various areas of biological sciences, and biomedical research. This includes the discovery of the fundamental concept that chromosomes carry heritable traits (Pandey and Nichols, 2011). Its fully sequenced and annotated fly genome, homology similarity to the human genome, rapid life cycle, large

facilitated by utilizing model organisms to study pathways involved in neurodegenerative diseases. One such model organism is the Caenorhabditis elegans nematode. The C. elegans roundworm has displayed usefulness as a template to study neurodegenerative diseases in humans, including Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. C. elegans has shown to be a useful model for the study of Alzheimer’s disease. Sydney Brenner first introduced the nematode as a model organism in 1963 (Brenner, 1974). The

our organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). EMS is known to be mutagenic and carcinogenic because it can “produce significant levels of alkylation at oxygens of guanine and in the DNA phosphate groups. It can also produce GC to AT transition mutations and vice versa. There has also been evidence that EMS is able to break chromosomes” (Sega). We hypothesize that when we expose the C. elegans to the EMS, a mutation will occur on the DNA that will cause a phenotype to occur in the organism that

becoming a new popular model organism in biomedical research. The importance of Zebra Fish: Zebrafish can be used in research as an alternative to mammalian species. It has been successfully utilized in developmental biology, a discipline that often employs molecular biology and genetic methods. As a result of the past three decades of intensive investigation with zebrafish, this species has become one of the favourite model organisms of geneticists. It is a complex organism with brain anatomy,

parasitic forms and have many different ecological roles. My research paper sheds light on roundworms and specifically Caenorhabditis elegans and the major studies done using this worm. C. elegans is a non-hazardous, non-pathogenic and non-parasitic organism. It is small and grows to about 1 mm in length. It lives in the soil in many parts of the world, where it survives by feeding on microbes such as bacteria. It is of no economic importance to man. However there has been a great amount of effort invested

fully sequence its genome. Because of the close evolutionary relationship between all flowering plants, deciding to learn about just one plant immensely allows for scientists to get insight about the cell and molecular biology of this whole class of organisms. Arabidopsis thaliana can be grown indoors in large numbers, producing thousands of offspring per plant in a matter of 8-10 weeks. This touches back on what I said earlier about

Mice and rats have been the most common model organism that used for research. Recently, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as one of the most popular animal model in different area of research such as developmental biology, genetics, and pharmacology (Liu et al., 2010; Eisen, 1996). Compared with other animal models, the zebrafish has numerous advantages that make them valuable as an animal model. The zebrafish has a small size (adult ~ 1- 1.5 inches long) and short generation time (about 3