Mound

social complexity can be seen in the mound building cultures of eastern North America. Ames and Maschner listed the aspects of socio-political and cultural complexity as: sedentism, built structures, social stratification, storage, embryonic property rights, dispute-resolution strategies, and elaborated ritual or symbolic life. Mound builders were found in eastern North America, with the greatest concentration of mounds found in the Mississippi and Ohio Valleys. Mounds are a type of elaborate earthwork

Throughout history there have been ebbs and flows identified within all facets of human history, and the Native American mound-builders were no different. The mound-building peoples of the Eastern United States (U.S.) along with the Aztec’s, Mayan and the Inca were revolutionary economists, farmers and communal architects. Before the Europeans came in contact with the mound-building tribes in the 1500’s, a thriving nation was had developed into an economic powerhouse and maintain its position of

The Brentwood Library Site, also known as the Jarman Farm Site, is located in Williamson County, just west of the Little Harpeth River, at 8109 Concord Road Brentwood, Tennessee. The coordinates are 35°59′45.06″N, 86°47′23.60″W. It is about 215 miles from the University of Memphis and it takes approximately three hours to get there. The easiest way to get from the University of Memphis to the Brentwood Library Site is to take Sam Cooper Boulevard to I-40 East, continue on I-40 for 165 miles, take

Spiro history is just as winding. Spiro is a compromised site. Much of its integrity is breached by artifact hunters, yet the lone obsidian scraper has a providence to add to the integrity of the find. Obtained in 1935 by J.G. Braecklein at Craig Mound, the artifact is donated to the Smithsonian. Here it sat in the collection. In 2002, Alex W. Barker et al, reports on the results of an energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence on the scraper. The results trace the source of the obsidian in Hidalgo, Mexico

North America was a land of quite diversities from the east to the south. One of the early periods was the Eastern Woodland period (800-200 BCE) which led to the mound emergence and when the Middle Woodland period (c. 200 BCE- AD 400) started, the mounds became more significant for ritual and spiritual meaning widespread (Scarre 681: 2013). Adena and the Middle Woodland societies traded throughout the land such as the southern Appalachians and the Great Lakes. They would trade artifacts like marine

Symbolism in Sir Gawain & The Green Knight “Sir Gawain & The Green Knight” is a classic medieval poem about a chivalrous knight on a journey to the Green Chapel. King Arthur’s nephew, Sir Gawain has been challenged by the Green Knight in a “beheading game,” where he has agreed to exchange a blow in the head towards the Green Knight, to be returned to him the following New Years in journeying to the Green Chapel. Gawain has to battle whether his knightly virtues are more important than his own life

120 man made mounds that all served different functionalities (CahokiaMounds 2015). According to anthropologist Timothy Pauketat (2009), “Cahokia is an ancient city along the Mississippi River, located opposite of modern-day St. Louis, Missouri and was as large in its prime as New York and Philadelphia before the mid-1700s, a home to ten-thousand indigenous peoples.” The land was dominated by the presence of human-constructed mounds, which some archaeologists have speculated

Shoes digging deeply into moist earth, I catapulted myself to over the Mound. Cresting it revealed a gentle slope leading towards the calm Silver Lake below. The sky above was a soft periwinkle blue and as I looked further west, protracted bands of violet, pink, red and orange clouds claimed the vista. The hills slope was a

Cahokia is arguably one of the most influential cities in its time. Although there is little known about Cahokia, aspects of their culture (like games, artifacts, and religious aspects) can be found throughout the Americas. If so much of the area had not been bulldozed before being excavated, we may have known more about the area. Cahokia had such an impact during its time, traces of Cahokia can be found in other communities such as the Osage, Pawnee, and many more. 1. Cahokia made its huge mark

Cahokia Mounds, located near St. Louis, Missouri is the site of a thriving city that was inhabited centuries before Columbus’s arrival on the continent. The ruins, designated by UNESCO as a world heritage site in 1982, are preserved and protected to visitors can learn about how pre-Columbian people lived in North America. Cahokia is one of more than 900 world heritage sites. Funding these properties cost a small fortune and some people think it isn’t worth it. However, I believe that it’s essential