Nanomaterials

due to increasing the surface area to volume ratio. The present review encompasses literature related to synthesis, characterization and applications of green nanotechnology in plant disease management, Synthesis of nanoparticles Synthesis of nanomaterials by a simple, low cost and high yield has been a great challenge since the early development of nanoscience. The methods for designing of nanoparticles (1-100 nm) generally involve top-down or bottom-up approach. Synthesis of nanoparticles by top

the size of the small structures, important effects are taken in to account in experimental planning such as , structural changes induced by point defects, strongly enhanced dynamic annealing and sputtering. Even though a huge number of different nanomaterial systems can be realized with sophisticated synthesis methods, a lot of desired nanostructures will still remain inaccessible due to chemical and physical reasons. The main reason for that is, most of the synthesis method work close or even at thermodynamic

the development and usage of semiconductor materials such as titanium oxide (TiO2), tin-oxide (SnO2), birnessite-manganese oxide (b-MnO2), and neodymium oxide (Nd2O3). I have extensively studied the photophysics and photochemistry of energetic nanomaterials in order to explore the fundamentals of charge transfer dynamics, catalytic properties, and mechanisms for the conversion of solar energy to electric energy to produce renewable energy. I was trained in scanning probes, surface

and needs great attention because of its adverse effective in aquatic life and ecological balance. Use of nanomaterials in oil spill remediation is a novice approach. Oil and water separation requires technology with unique wettability, super hydrophobic and oleophilic surface property. This can be achieved with surface modification using nanoparticles. These types of modified nanomaterials will be able to absorb oil or toxic organic compounds from the contaminated

increasing the surface area of sensors, improving the catalytic properties of electrodes and providing nanoscale sensors. Herein, we discuss the developments in the past several years on both nanosensors that directly measure glucose as well as nanomaterials that improve glucose sensor function. Diabetes is a rapidly growing problem, currently affecting 300 million people worldwide . and its incidence is expected to increase rapidly in the coming decades[0]. Diabetes can lead to complications such

ABSTRACT Graphene is pure carbon in the form of a very thin, nearly transparent sheet, one at6om thick. It has been hailed as a miracle material because of its low weight, high strength and high electrical and heat conductivity. Since 2004, the graphene market has risen and with the potential for future application could be a multibillion dollar business. Graphene has been planned to replace conductors and also replace catalysts in enzyme immobilisation. Graphene can be manufactured in ways that

involve materials of sizes ranging from 1 to 100 nm. These minute materials may display distinct characteristics as compared to the same material of a larger form. Due to the smaller size, altered shape, arrangement, or increased surface area, these nanomaterials may exhibit unique properties like enhanced strength, flexibility, reactivity, or improved electrical conductivity and absorption.1 As advanced nano-materials are produced and commercialized for extensive use in research areas like electronics

increasing availability of methods, synthesis of nanomaterials as well as tools of characterization and manipulation. Nanotechnology makes us to believe that we would have the ability to create anything that we could precisely define. Synthesis of nanomaterials is another key issue. General approaches in synthesizing nanomaterials involve vapour, liquid or solid state routes or their intelligent combinations. Size effects are an essential aspect of nanomaterials. Size effects are of

Introduction: Nanotechnology is one of the most advanced and well reputed branches of modern sciences. Nanotechnology is handling of matter at the atomic or molecular level. Scientists from all over the world are now considering forthcoming effects of nanotechnology on human and environment. Nanotechnology is likely to be crucial to the 21st century scientific and medical advancement and its developments will be determined by the collective hard work of natural, physical, medical, engineering and

The History of Nanocomposites Before the use of nanocomposites, humans have used natural composites to improve their welfare and way of life throughout history. The Mesopotamians would use natural adhesive to glue wood pieces in different ways to make plywood. Archaeologists have found multiple natural composites used by ancient civilizations, but one of the most prevalent was the use of straw. Utilizing straw allowed these civilizations to increase the strength of their building bricks, thus