Neuropathy

This is a brief review of Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON) otherwise known as Harding disease. LHONs is a degenerative eye disease that causes vision loss in the teen years of those afflicted. As most optic neuropathies LHONs is heterogeneous genetic and a minimum prevalence of 1 in 10000. However, differing from many similar hereditary optic neuropathies LHONS is a maternally inherited mutation and has never been observed to be paternally inherited. Meaning that the gene responsible is

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is among the chronic microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus due to hyperglycemia. Prevalence of diabetic neuropathy is high, affecting more than 60% of diabetics (Boulton et al., 2005). The clinical manifestation of diabetic neuropathy include numbness, tingling sensation in toes, feet, legs, arms, hands and fingers (Kumar et al.). It leads to significant morbidity, impact on quality of life of patients (Zychowska et al.) and increases the risk of infections

Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy: A Genetic Disease that Affects Metabolism In 1971, Theodor Leber, a German ophthalmologist, first described distinctive symptoms of central vision loss in a group of patients. Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) was later named in his honor. With the discovery of mitochondrial DNA came the ability to identify the genetic cause of this disease. It is a maternally inherited mitochondrial disease that most commonly affects young men aged 15 to 30 years old

protein, plays an important role in retrograde axonal transport. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2007;104(7):2223-8. Yang Y, Allen E, Ding J, Wang W. Giant axonal neuropathy. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2007;64(5):601-9. These two papers examine the phenomenon of retrograde axonal transport, which is the focus of Yanmin Yang’s lab. The first paper, “Giant Axonal Neuropathy,” examines the aforementioned disease, which is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that results in giant axons with imbalances in cytoskeletal components

symptoms of PDN and normalize physical and psychological functioning. Etiopathogenic treatment: The glycemic control: several studies showed that intensive glycemic therapy can result in a statistically insignificant reduction in the development of neuropathy. (Callaghan BC, et al 2012) Support for a positive effect of intensive treatment comes from the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group (1998) which revealed a statistically significant decrease in the risk of DPN with intensive

Alpha-Lipoic Acid and Diabetic Neuropathy Name: Ola Taji Student number:999188383   Alpha-Lipoic Acid and Diabetic Neuropathy Introduction Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) (aka thioctic acid), is a naturally occurring substance found in our diets such as vegetables (spinach, broccolis) and in meat (intestines),also,ALA is synthesized in our body through the function of different enzymes that take part in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism found in plants and animals. When ALA is consumed it gets absorbed

condition most often associated with diabetic neuropathy. This serious condition often affects the bones, joints and soft tissues and can lead to serious deformation or even amputation of the lower extremity. So, in the following paragraphs the causes, signs and symptoms, how it’s diagnosed, treated, and typical prognosis will be discussed. The main cause of Charcot foot is repetitive injuries seen in patients who have peripheral neuropathy. Peripheral neuropathy is defined as a break in communication

Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Peripheral neuropathy is obviously one of the major complications of chronic diabetes, which affects the nerves and leads to loss of sensation, numbness, and pain in the legs, feet, or even hands. Sadly, peripheral neuropathy is likely to affect approximately 70% of people with diabetes. However, not all people who develop this type of complication experience serious pain. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is caused by prolonged elevated blood sugar, which affects the

Pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects blood glucose levels. Diabetes is the loss of pancreatic metabolic activity that is responsible for the use of energy, which comes from glucose that an individual consumes. There are two types of diabetes: Type 1 Diabetes is the failure of pancreas to secrete a hormone called insulin; responsible for the removal of glucose from the body to be used in the muscles for energy. Type 2 Diabetes is the failure of using the

is called chronic pain. The injury or the precipitating event can be physical (like in case of phantom limb pain or post-surgical pain), infection (as with post-herpetic neuralgia), systemic disease (like with diabetic neuropathy), drug (chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy) or can sometimes be unknown (trigeminal neuralgia, migraine, cluster headache, etc.) Even today, the pathological processes involved in genesis, establishment and continuation of such diseases are poorly understood. Eventually