Nuclear medicine

Física da Radiação, 1º semestre, IST, 2010/2011 1 Radiopharmacology Radiopharmacology Diogo Ferreira, diogo.cunha.ferreira123@gmail.com MSc student in Biomedical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, student no58548 Abstract Nuclear Medicine is the branch of medicine concerned with the use of radio-nuclides in the study and the diagnosis of diseases, eg. the assessment of organ function, detection and treatment of some diseases or monitoring of treatment’s effects. It provides physiological (not

neuroreceptor (membrane receptor protein that gets activated by a neurotransmitter) on himself. Nuclear imaging a branch of medical imaging that consists of small doses of radioactive material into the body to diagnose and determine diseases like cancer,

hormone [4], and for the radiological exam, we use various modalities (ultrasound, CT, MRI and Nuclear Medicines). Ultrasound is the leading imaging technique for diagnosis of thyroid diseases [5][6], Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging also have a high important role for assessment the thyroid malignancy [7]. Nuclear medicine is the imaging of utilization of radioactive compounds in medicine to image and treat various human diseases. It depends on the ‘tracer principle’ that studies

many different useful applications. In medicine, for example, Cobalt -60 is used as a radiation source to stop the growth of cancer in the body. Another use for radioactive isotopes is in industry,

whether there is any risk using Technetium 99m in medicine and keep a balanced point of view for and against. Scintigraphy is a form of diagnostic test used in nuclear medicine, wherein radioisotopes are taken internally (via radiopharmaceuticals) and the emitted radiation is captured by external detectors (gamma cameras) to form two-dimensional images. What is Technetium-99m? Technetium-99m is a widely used radioactive tracer isotope in Nuclear Medicine. Its gamma ray energy of about 140 keV is convenient

nucleus, but the same number of protons and the same chemical properties. May live for only minutes. Their existence is measured in “halflives,” how long it takes for half of the isotope to disappear. (3) Radioactive products which are used in medicine are called radiopharmaceuticals. They are different from other medically used drugs since they

TF Radioisotopes Isotopes have changed science and altered the fates and lives of people through nuclear science. This nuclear medicine rescues people from the gaping jaws of death. These isotopes give people, young and old, a second chance to live. My life, as it is, would be completely altered if it were not for isotopes used in modern medicine. People I love would be gone without these isotopes. Doctors around the globe use isotopes for research, diagnosis, and treatment. Radioisotopes have changed

Lesson 17: Issue: In medicine, radioisotopes are bonded with chemical compounds to form radioactive tracers, which are then injected into the patient’s bloodstream. The radiation emitted by the tracers allows doctors to obtain images of organ systems, facilitating the early and accurate diagnosis of disease. However, to avoid radio- active contamination, care must be taken in the storage, use, and disposal of this material. How does infrared spectro- scopy aid in criminal investigations? Infared

Abstract This paper will run through the potential and numerous clinical uses of terbium in nuclear medicine. Terbium is a rare metal and is still under clinical trials in Europe and is the only element in the periodic table with four clinically relevant radioisotopes with remarkable nuclear decay characteristics and could possibly be used in a vast array of nuclear medicine procedures, including diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. The four forms of terbium under clinical trials

on the type and size of the tumour, the radionuclide can be varied. For example for a large tumour, a β-emitter would be more effective than an α-emitter, as although it has a lower LET, the whole tumour can be targeted rather than a small area. Nuclear reactors are the most common mode of producing β-emitting radionuclides, however charged particle accelerators can also be used. The wide range of radionuclides has in itself become a problem as it often becomes hard to select the most appropriate