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Abstract Hendra and Nipah viruses from genus Henipavirus are paramyxovirus that can cause diseases that passed between animals and humans. These viruses are responsible for causing diseases that occurs at irregular intervals at some places. Like other paramyxovirus, henipavirus also have the ability to escape the host immune response due to interferon protein; this is due to P gene. The P-gene is responsible for encoding four proteins – C, P, V, & W protein. Currently no vaccines or therapeutic remedies

Chronic Confusion Shelby Stubbs Saginaw Valley State University Abstract Chronic confusion is defined as the progressive deterioration of intellect, memory loss, and behavioral change. This disease has a rapid onset and the symptoms dominate the body and mind in a very progressive manner. This paper examines the comfort theory as one way to aid in the unmet needs of a chronically confused patient, and by forming relationships between a patients’ needs, with nursing interventions, the

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Diabetes is one the most critical medical issues of our time. According to the Center of Disease Control and Prevention nearly 26 million Americans (approximately 8% of all Americans) have diabetes and an estimated of 79 million adults are pre-diabetes. Approximately $200 billion per year is lost due to diabetes because of medical treatments and lost wages. Insulin resistance and the dysfunction of beta cells are the two pathogenic hallmarks of the development and

Word Count: 1840   It is estimated that currently 5.1 million Americans may have Alzheimer’s disease. [1] 60-70% of dementia cases in the elderly are caused by Alzheimer’s. [2] As the population ages a greater percentage of Americans will be impacted whereas between present time and 2050 it is estimated that 20 percent of the population will be in an age category that puts them at risk. [1] The disease is a progressive, degenerative disorder that attacks the neurons resulting in memory loss, language

Introduction 1.1 Hereditary spastic paraplegias Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders that share the primary feature of progressive lower limb spasticity and weakness, with sparing of the upper extremities (Blackstone et al., 2010). Although few epidemiological studies have been carried out, the prevalence of HSPs has been estimated to range from ~3-9 per 100,000 and the age of onset can vary widely, from early childhood

Introduction Parkinson's disease (PD) is an adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder, concomitant with neuronal loss predominantly in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and inclusions comprising of the synaptic protein, α-synuclein (α-syn). Recent developments have advanced our understanding on the multitude of inter-mingled deleterious factors contributing to PD neuropathological aetiologies. These encompass “cell autonomous” processes, for instance, autophagy, and mitochondrial dysfunction

CHAPTER1 INTRODUCTION 1.0 ______ The fungal cell wall plays an important role in the physiological adaptation of the organism in its environment. The yeast’s cell wall serves several essential functions for the such as the ability to hold its shape, the regulation of water flow into and out of the cell, and the prevention of foreign bodies that might be toxic from entering.1 It constantly changes during cell division, growth and morphogenesis; this dynamic feature dictates the organism’s protection

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by an increase in the number of myeloid cells in the marrow and an arrest in their maturation.(1) Make sure you use the ASM system for reference citation; I do not believe this format you have is correct. The symptoms of AML are caused by the replacement of normal bone marrow with leukemic cells, which causes a drop in red blood cells, platelets, and normal white blood cells.(2) These symptoms include fatigue, shortness of breath, easy bruising and bleeding

Send Orders for Reprints to reprints@benthamscience.net 672 Current Alzheimer Research, 2014, 11, 672-680 Fluoxetine Improves Behavioral Performance by Suppressing the Production of Soluble "-Amyloid in APP/PS1 Mice Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system. Cur- rent approaches for AD treatment only ameliorate symptoms. Therapeutic strategies that target the pathological processes of the disease remain elusive. Fluoxetine

Since its first discovery in 1981, HIV/AIDS has killed more than 25 million people worldwide and is today the major threat to human health. However, due to the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) as well as the impact of preventive measures, the prevalence and incidence of HIV have declined globally over the last decade except for parts of Eastern Europe and Central Asia where a slight increase has been observed (UNAIDS, 2010; Cohen, 2012; Futterman, 2012; Kumari and Singh