Oligomer

stress which occurs when the body creates too many free radical and their is an imbalance of available antioxidants then damage can occur. Amyloid Proteins can also be named for contributing to the growth of Alzheimer's, such proteins as AB, tau, and oligomers can be "the real culprit in the neurotoxicity that is the characteristic of AD' (Shan 35). Clear indicators that one has Alzheimer's disease is the inability to

Lucifer yellow dye transfer 1. Neonatal myocytes were cultured on 35-mm glass-bottom dishes. 2. Individual myocytes were injected with Lucifer Yellow (4% wt/vol in 150 mM LiCl) via microelectrodes (20 MΩ when filled with KCl) using overcompensation of the negative capacitance circuit on an electrometer (World Precision Instruments, Sarasota, Florida, USA) until the cell glowed brightly () and inserted into the luciferase plasmid (pGL3). 2. To examine the effect of LRP6-deficiency on the activity

Tell Me About Melatonin, Grape Seed Extract and CoQ10 and Diabetes Simple lifestyle and nutrition changes can make a big difference for people with diabetes. The latest supplements everyone is talking about include melatonin, grape seed extract and CoQ10. Find out more about each of these supplement and if they are beneficial for people with diabetes. Formally referred to as Coenzyme Q10, CoQ10 is a supplement that might be useful as a supplemental therapy for blood sugar control. It is also reported

cingulate gyrus Alzheimer’s “Neurodegenerative disease is an umbrella term for a range of conditions which primarily affect the neurons in the human brain”, JPND Research (2014). Alzheimer’s disease occurs as a result of neurodegenerative processes. Scientists believe that both tau and amyloid work together to instigate the disease. Amyloid is believed to facilitate the spread of tau. However, there is no scientific evidence to back up this statement. Amyloid is a general term for protein fragments

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative debilitating movement disease which gets worse over time (Medscape, 2015). After much research and study no known cause has yet been determined and experts have hypothesized that it is a mix of inherited and environmental factors (Medscape, 2015). However, regardless of the unspecific cause, it is characterized by a significant loss in dopamine transportation to the basal ganglia which manifests itself in the three following physiologic signs: resting

Microcystins are potent hepatotoxins produced by blue-green algae or cyanobacteria, which are common in contaminated water. The most common type of microcystins is microcystin-LR (MC-LR). This report will discuss the major cytotoxic and carcinogenic effects of microcystins, and how these effects translate into hepatotoxicity. Additionally, cell-based assays will be proposed to identify and examine the various hepatotoxic characteristics of cyanobacteria or blue-green algae extracts which contain

Cytotoxicity of nanodisc trapped/remodeled A1-40 intermediates The structural analysis of nanodisc bound A1-40 ¬suggests the formation of intermediate conformation with typical sheet structures driven by the PMA. We next characterized the toxicity of these A1-40 intermediates in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells. Results showed substantial cytotoxic behavior of PMA in solution with a cell viability loss of ≈ 40 % at 2.5 M. The A1-40 monomer and fibers (2.5 M) incubated with equimolar PMA

Dementia, a common problem in elderly, is rising worldwide including India. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a main etiology for dementia. Currently anticholinesterases, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, disease modifying agents form the mainstay of treatment of AD. However, recent breakthroughs in AD research have given multiple new treatment targets. This review summarizes the role of existing therapies and their limitations, role of traditional medicines and new treatment targets.

formaldehyde condensation reaction of phenols that gives rise to phenolic resins. Moreover, it can be polymerized through the unsaturation in the side chain although the bulky nature of the side chain restricts the molecular weight attainable to oligomers. The significant advantage of the cardanol is its cooperatively to chemical modification to effect suitable structural changes so as to get specific properties for making tailor made polymers of high value. Thus, structural changes could be effected

Throughout the lifetime of a living organism, it is exposed to many different types of stresses from the internal and external environment. In order to maintain homeostasis, cells must be poised to activate appropriate cellular stress responses to overcome the initial stress stimulus. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are crucial among the major pathways that regulate stress responses. There are six conserved and ubiquitous MAPK signalling pathways in mammalian systems that coordinate