Oxidation

Clock Reactions Clock reactions are among the most dramatic and visually pleasing chemical demonstrations. The most well known experiment is the Landolt iodine clock. Two clear, colorless solutions are mixed, the mixture remains colorless for a short time before turning dark blue. After a clock reaction is initiated there is a period of no change, followed by a sudden change. One cannot tell whether a clock is running without the hands moving, but when it's alarm goes off, it's inferred that it

Vanadium, being a transition metal, exhibits variable oxidation states. In this experiment two different reducing agents, Sulfur dioxide and amalgamated zinc, reacted with the vanadate ion VO43- and the results were used to establish which oxidation states were being produced and which was a stronger reducing agent. Vanadium was discovered by Andrés Manuel del Río, a Spanish-Mexican mineralogist, in 1801[1]. He chose to name his element erythronium which means red. However his findings were challenged

This oxidation increases the oxidation state of the atom while the reduction of an atom causing the oxidation state to decrease. Whenever an atom is oxidized, there is a corresponding oxidizing agent that oxidized the atom, likewise there is a corresponding reducing agent whenever an atom is reduced. During

CoA in each oxidation cycle and two after full completed cycles. The resulted acetyl CoA is the major requirement for producing the reduced NADP+ in which the generated acetyl CoA enters the TCA cycle and with the availability of oxaloacetate provides citrate that can be export to the cytoplasm. The citrate then enters two reactions to produce cytosolic NADPH (1,3,12). These reactions include the conversion of malate to pyruvate that is catalyzed by malic enzyme (ME1) and the oxidation of isocitrate

biologically mediated processes, particularly nitrification. Nitrification is one of the most well-known processes in microbial ecology and has always been considered to occur in a two-step manner, involving the initial oxidation of ammonia (NH3) to nitrite (NO2-) and the subsequent oxidation of nitrite (NO2-) to nitrate (NO3-) (Kowalchuk & Stephen, 2001). The vastly diverse microorganisms mediating

When making a battery using an lemont, two chemical reactions begin when the screw comes in contact with the lemon’s citric acid (“Digging Deeper”). One of the reactions is called oxidation (“Digging Deeper”). Oxidation is is the loss of electrons during a reaction (Helmenstine, Ph. D Anne Marie. "What Is Oxidation?"). The citric acid from the lemon starts to remove the zinc plating on the screw (“Digging Deeper”). The zinc begins to have a positive charge of two after two electrons are removed

There are four types of biomolecules, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Carbohydrates are large chains of sugar found in food and living tissues. This includes sugars, starch, and cellulose. They have the same ratio of hydrogen and oxygen that water has, 2:1. They are broken down to release energy in the animal body. Lipids are any organic compounds that are fatty acids and don’t dissolve in water but do in organic solvents. Fatty acids can be found in natural oils, waxes, and steroids

In most of the AOPs a combination of these oxidation effects occur. In Fenton´s reagent for example; Fe(II) is used as a catalyst, in the process Fe(II) is brought to the other oxidation state of Fe(III), in this process OH* radicals are formed that are able to completely mineralize organic compounds. It is clear from the standard redox potential data that hydroxyl radical is the strongest known oxidant (2.06 V), second to fluorine (2.23 V) (Table 1). Therefore, the complete mineralization of most

A sub-maximal steady state exercise requires carbohydrates and fats to be oxidised in order to create sufficient ATP for the body to function and complete muscle contractions. The main energy sources being used throughout the test were the aerobic glycolytic and the aerobic lipolysis systems. To determine which energy system was predominately being used we can use RER. If RER is a value of .7 the energy system being predominantly used is the aerobic lipolysis system, where as a value closer to 1

In this experiment, the measurements and observations that I made supported one another. For instance, we observed that the red powder turned black when heat was applied, therefore Oxygen from the air was added, allowing oxidation to occur. Based on what the Pre-Lab Procedure said, my partner and I didn't observe anything that we didn't expect. Step by step, we were able to determined what the reactant was. According to our observations, we can conclude the unknown substance/reactant is Cu2O, Copper