P-n junction

THYRISTOR RAM Muktesh Waghmare, Raman Gaikwad 1: Principle: Thyristor is well-known for its high-current drive capability and its bi-stable characteristics. It has been widely used in power electronics applications. With the exponential advances in CMOS technology tiny thyristor devices can now be easily embedded into conventional nano-scale CMOS. This enables the creation of a memory cell technology with features that include small cell size, high performance, reliable device operation, and

Microcontroller based DC motor Speed Conditioning and Monitoring System Abstract: The proposed system is based on concept of monitoring and control of the various speed of a DC motor. The speed of DC is monitor by optical decoder sensor and which is being collcted on a microcontroller which will subsequently control the DC motor through a motor driver circuit. The values of the speed also displayed on an LCD. The DC motor speed can be set controlled manually using a keypad.(3)

Abstract—2D photonic crystal (PC) based power splitter with 60° bend corners is designed and analyzed. The splitting efficiency at its bends has been improved by encapsulating rectangular defect, thereby increasing the power transmission of about 98.1%. A simple antiresonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW-B) is a polarization insensitive wave guiding, which utilizes antiresonance reflection and provides better coupling when compared with conventional wave guiding. We performed three-dimensional

destination, which is a graph with the source and shrink. Suppose we have n files to transfer from k routes by minimizing the total time. We can apply simple greedy routing algorithm. This algorithm assigns the file to the route which has low load compared to other. Select route from graph which has capacity still greater or equal to the li. (b). The problem belongs to P Class (Polynomial Time). (c). Let number of routes be k Let n files f1, f2, …, fn be transferred from source to the sink. Let length

Operational amplifiers (Op Amp) have been in use for quite a long a long time now in the field of electronics and electrical engineering. A basic Op Amp has got three connections consisting of 1 output and 2 inputs. For definition purposes the two input terminals are called inverting and non-inverting inputs (Huijsing, 2011). Huijsing (2011) adds that it has been found and proven that when the voltage at both points of the inputs is the same, there will be no output on the other side. The image below

UNIT 9.3 MOTORS & GENERATORS  gather, analyse and present information to explain how induction is used in cooktops in electric ranges Lenz’s Law: “An induced EMF always gives rise to a current that creates a magnetic field that opposes the original change in flux ”1 Eddy Currents: circular movements of electrons due to a changing flux passing through the metal Induction cooktops use electromagnetic induction to produce heat. Under the cooktop are electromagnetic coils (induction coils) with

simple design and easy to implement in industrial [1]. PID controller consists of three controllers, which is proportional (P) controller, Integral (I) controller, and derivative (D) controller [2]. The equation for output of the PID control can be described as: u(t)=K(e(t)+ 1/T_i ∫_0^t▒〖e(τ) dτ+ T_(d ) de(t)/dt〗) [2] Which e is the control error, K is the proportional (P) gain, Ti is the integral (I) time, and Td is the derivative time. Figure 1 shows the PID controller design using operational

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW Background A temperature controller is an indispensable component when processing transmission in optical fiber in order to acquire accurate results. The optical IC should be operated in a stable environment, including temperature, fixed construction and no other external interference. Thus, providing a constant temperature and steady working environment is priority task for the temperature controller. The controller mentioned in this thesis is required to realize

Solar Power Author Ming Zhang Abstract: this paper introduce solar power from several aspect. The situation of solar energy, the application we find in modern life. Let us to know the solar panel and two basic kind of solar farm. Finally, it illustrate the structure of PV cell, calculate the efficiency and introduce us one new kind of solar converters. Index terms: Solar Power, application Solar farm, Photovoltaic, converter Introduction As solar power

kHz (Note 5) 0.9 −1.0 1.0 0.3 140 VIN = 250 mVp-p @ 1 kHz (Note 2) VIN = 250 mVp-p @ 1 kHz (Note 2) VIN = 250 mVp-p @ 1 kHz (Note 2) 3.5 5 0.1 8.3 2.3 180 240 0.1 1.1 +1.0 % 10 15 1 mV mV µA V V µA µA Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units mV mV ± 10 ± 25 30 ± 40 Note 1: For operation in ambient temperatures above 25˚C, the device must be derated based on a 150˚C maximum junction temperature and a thermal resistance of 101˚C/W junction