Pauli exclusion principle

Name: ______________________________________ Date: ________________________ Student Exploration: Electron Configuration Vocabulary: atomic number, atomic radius, Aufbau principle, chemical family, diagonal rule, electron configuration, Hund’s rule, orbital, Pauli exclusion principle, period, shell, spin, subshell Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) 1. Elvis Perkins, a rather shy fellow, is getting on the bus shown at right. Which seat do you think he will probably

Quantum Mechanics Quantum mechanics is an account of how things rendition on an extremely small level. “Protons, Neutrons, and electrons are not balls of matter, but more like little concentrations of energy. According to the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, if we look at or measure the position of an electron, then other crucial information about it is lost. Also, at the moment we observe it, it basically gives that electron a position and identity in the realm of the natural” (Berge). In other words

the Atheistic Hypothesis that the universe and its fine-tuning are simply brute facts. The Principle of Confirmation therefore lends the “Fine-Tuning Data” as evidence for the Theistic Hypothesis over the Atheistic Hypothesis. The objection that there are possible tuning values outside the illuminated range that could be conducive to life falls flat do to the Principle of Indifference (also called the Principle of Insufficient Reason), which says that since we do not know how the non-illuminated range

Abstract In this experiment, a spectrophotofluorometer Shimadzu RF-5301 was used to determine the concentration of unknown riboflavin with 5% v/v acetic acid of 10 ppm standard riboflavin solution. An external calibration was performed in using 5 standard known concentrations of riboflavin and plotting a calibration curve. The LOD and LOQ were 0.0622 mg/L and 21.3 mg/L respectively. The calibration curve enabled for the determination of the unknown (3013) concentration of riboflavin at 0.37416

unable to create radiative pressure as all nuclear processes would have ceased. With no opposing force, gravitational pressure would compress the matter until even the electrons that make up atoms are smacked together. [1] As explained by the Pauli Exclusion Principle, under normal conditions, identical electrons (with the same spin) will not occupy the same energy level. Electrons can spin only in two directions, therefore, any given energy level could only be occupied by two electrons at a time. [1]

Matter is defined as anything that occupies space and can be perceived by one or more senses; a physical body, a physical substance, or the universe as a whole. There are four distinct states of matter: solids, liquids, gases, and plasma. There are other states of matter such as Bose-Einstein condensates and neutron degenerate matter, but those states can only be found under extreme conditions. These phases can go from one to another when affected by certain things, which is known as phase changes

dwarfs are stabilized against a gravitational collapse by the pressure of the degenerate electron gas in the interior. If the central density ñ rises because of an increasing mass of the star, the electrons become relativistic, since the Pauli exclusion principle forces the majority of the electrons to reach relativistic velocities, even at low temperatures. Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar estimated that electron gas in white dwarf stars could be both degenerate and relativistic. The consequence is

what is happening. This example involves a checkerboard that depicts the specific energy states. Each square of the checkerboard represents a paired letter and number that refers to a specific energy level. In addition to this model, the Pauli Exclusion Principle helped explain that two identical fermions cannot occupy the same quantum state together. Moreover, there are two different types of spin that a particle can exhibit, which are fermions and bosons. Initially, it was hard to remember which

than the Chandrasekhar limit the electron degeneracy pressure is no longer strong enough to prevent further collapse. Neutron degeneracy is more powerful than electron degeneracy and can withstand greater pressure. Neutron degeneracy refers to the principle that two neutrons cannot occupy the same space and therefore have a repulsive force on each other. 7) A planetary

CHEMISTRY 17 1ST LONG EXAM REVIEWER I. ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF ATOMS -arrangement of atoms’ electrons -the number of electrons in an atom -distribution of electrons around the nucleus and their energies • ATOMS *Billiard Ball Model (JOHN DALTON) *Plum Pudding Model (JOSEPH J. THOMPSON) *RUTHERFORD’s Model of Atom -atoms are tiny, hard, indivisible spheres -electrons (negative charge) occupy the atom - Atom is mostly empty space with a dense nucleus • PROBLEMS with Rutherford’s Model