Pliocene

Broca’s area this early on the linguistic vocalization development would be limited. Because the cranial capacity were larger in Homo Habilis but no difference in body size to the earlier hominid Australopithecus shows the encephalization in that the Pliocene era played an important role for neurological evolution for

Evolution is not just a story about where we came from, but an epic at the center of life itself. Evolution is the process of inheriting traits through DNA over successful generations. Charles Darwin, a naturalist and geologist synthesized a theory later known as Darwinism, which explains that "all species of organisms arise and develop through the natural selection of small, inherited variations that increase the individual 's ability to compete, survive, and reproduce" (Darwin, 1859). Humans have

Human Antiquity: Did Mainstream Science Get It Wrong? Modern anthropologists and paleontologists are in relative agreement regarding the timeline of modern humans, Homo sapiens, and how long they have been in existence. According to mainstream science, popular belief holds that the history of our species is confirmed to be confined to the past 12,000 years. This figure is a culmination based on what we know about evolution and what we have been able to gather through fossil analyzation and dating

tree is because it is a interesting plant to learn about, also it is one of the coolest trees there is. The reason it is a interesting plant is because the Dragon-blood tree is the one remainder from the subtropical forests that existed during the Pliocene. The reason the Dragon-blood tree is really cool is because it can grow in harsh, arid areas that are rich in limestones. Why the Dragon-Blood Tree is interesting. The reason why the Dragon-Blood Tree is a interesting plant is because it is one of

The Raton-Clayton Volcanic Field and Capulin Volcano The Raton-Clayton volcanic field is about 20 000 km2 in size, and has been active periodically for the past 9 million years. The area is filled with peaks, cones, and lava-capped mesas. The mesas developed as lava flowed into valleys and depressions, cooled off and formed a resistant top layer over sedimentary rocks. As the surrounding rock eroded, the lava protected the underlying stratigraphy from erosion. This caused todays topography, where

Since late 1800 scientists have studied the phenomenon of Global Warming and majority of them had concluded that human activities are responsible for most of the warming. Human activities contribute to global warming by enhancing earth’s natural greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect warms the earth surface through the complex process involving sunlight, gases and particles in the atmosphere. Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere are known as greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous

Melbourne has a bedrock of Middle Paleozoic age which is included within the Devonian and Silurian periods (354-441 million years prior). These rocks are overlain in wide zones which also include much more youthful rocks, and were generally part of the Tertiary and Quaternary ages (2-65 mya). Rocks of Early Silurian (441 mya) were discovered to be the most established within the bedrock. Particular in the outcrops located in the north-east around Warrandyte (Anderson Creek Formation), and on the

Introduction Arctic fish display a remarkable case of adaptation, living in in low temperatures around 0˚C with areas of ice that can be -1.9˚C (DeVries, 1971). The ability for Arctic fish to thrive in such a low temperature environment is made possible by a class of proteins called Antifreeze proteins. Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) and Antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs) are polypeptides that are biosynthesized in animals, plants and fungi that prevent ice crystal formation (Griffith & Ewart, 1995). The

Arguably the most famous and distinctive plant of the island of Socotra in the Arabian Sea, the Dragon’s Blood trees, Dracaena cinnabari, have long held a fascination over those who have lived and worked among them, due to their alien-like appearance and unusual shape. Unlike other member of the Dracaenaceae family the Dracaena cinnabari produces a red resin from the bark after wounding. The medicinal and coloring properties of this resin, along with other dragon trees, was recorded by the ancient

determine. Controversy lies with the suggestion that bipedalism arose from as early as 5.8 million years ago, in the late Miocene era, but it can be scientifically defined that the first definite bipedal hominin was the Australopithecus anamensis in the Pliocene. These findings suggest that at 3.9-2.9 million years ago, bipedalism was evolving; certain conditions acted as influences upon the hominins to develop bipedality. As such, specific selection pressures have since been proposed during evolutionary