Powdery mildew

and long periods of below-freezing weather. GMOs can also help crops and livestock withstand disease. “Several international institutes are developing apples with resistance to dozens of different diseases including fire blight, apple scab, and powdery mildew” (ABC). Countries

might be infected by several diseases. In controlled light laboratory environment, They collected stereo images of single sugar beet leaves by RGB and multispectral cameras. The leaves were either healthy or infected from diseases such as rusts, powdery mildew and Cercospora leaf spot. They generated 3-D models of the leaves to fuse information from the two cameras. Classification is done by k-nearest neighbour and an adaptive Bayes method. The classification accuracy achieved were 91% for Cercospora

Hundreds of millions of dollars are lost each year from pests and diseases fought in vineyards. Relevancy of today’s pests and diseases is dictated by the scope of infestation and/or the prominence of production area to the global wine economy. Bacterial, fungal and viral diseases along with wildlife (rabbits, birds, wild boars) and insects wreak havoc with devastating results to the most affected regions. These are important to understand, control and prevent whenever possible. One only has to recall

Mitochondrial diseases are not the only diseases that can be inherited from parents. There are diseases, disorders, syndromes, etc, such as SCIDS (Severe Combined Immune Deficiency Syndrome), Hemophilia, Tay-Sachs disease, and many more. For a majority of the diseases, an individual must inherit two recessive alleles in order for that disease trait to be expressed. Both people in a couple can get tested to see if they are a carrier for the disease. A problem can soon arise if both individuals are

Gardening and landscaping is a wonderful way to make use of your outdoor space. In order for you to have a beautiful garden, you are going to have to plan it around the conditions that are in your area. You can have great looking garden anywhere; you just have to make sure that you work with what you have. Living in the west or southwest where the air is arid and the climate is dry, will require the planting of drought tolerant plants that can survive the hot and dry conditions that are present in

Imagine a world where eyesight can be restored, incurable illness can be cured, and genetic conditions can be treated before they are even developed. This is the world that is possible using CRISPR. CRISPR is a gene editing tool that functions through the use of two types of molecules, enzymes and guide RNA. CRISPR was discovered by two major research teams and has since been found to have numerous applications, but it is plagued by controversy. The CRISPR system uses two types of molecules, one

INTRODUCTION Bitter gourd is a vegetable and it belongs to the family cucurbitacea. It is grown for both commercial as well as economic purpose across the various state of the country. It is produced mainly in tropical and sub-tropical regions of India i.e. Maharashtra, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. Botanical name: Memordica charantia Season: Jan – Mar & Sept – Dec are the ideal seasons. For rainy season crop, sowing can started after the receiving of first few showers during May-June. The

INTRODUCTION Bitter gourd is a vegetable and it belongs to the family cucurbitacea. It is grown for both commercial as well as economic purpose across the various state of the country. It is produced mainly in tropical and sub-tropical regions of India i.e. Maharashtra, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. Botanical name: Memordica charantia Season: Jan – Mar & Sept – Dec are the ideal seasons. For rainy season crop, sowing can started after the receiving of first few showers during May-June. The

CONTENTS Sr.no. TOPIC PAGE No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 DECLARATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENT INTRODUCTION LAND PREPARATION PLANTING PROPAGATION INTERCULTURAL OPERATION INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PLANT PROTECTION BIO CONTROL METHODS HARVESTING & YIELD POST HARVEST MANAGEMENT MARKETING APENDIXES 1. VERMI COMPOSTING 2. COIRPITH COMPOSTING 3. AZOLLA CULTIVATION 4. BIOFERTILIZERS 5. ORGANIC GROWTH STIMULANTS 6. BIOPESTISCIDES 7. BIOCONTROL 3 4 5 6 7 DECLARATION

The wine industry in Australia is one of the most highly valued agricultural export commodities (Stokes & Howden 2010). Viticulture is an agricultural sector that is closely associated with climate as the production of unique wine is reliant upon specific combinations of climate, soils and landscape to create particular styles (Stokes & Howden 2010; Webb et al. 2008). Changes in climate have potential to adversely affect the quality of winegrape production. Thus, climate change is set to become a