Pozzolan

According to Tam (2002) concrete is a commonly used construction material in most parts of the world.There are many different types, strengths, and compositions of concrete and all of them have different characteristics that make them perform better for different applications. The following report is an outline of the different aspects of concrete itself. It includes the special concretes and their applications that are best suited for the construction of a shopping mall, the types of extenders that

of ancient Rome came from the mining of Volcanic Ash, which was abundant in aluminosilicate minerals. (Lea, 2015) This specific cement, or indeed any aluminosilicate that react with lime in water to form cement is still referred to as Pozzolana or Pozzolan. In 1756 in Devon, John Smeaton developed a hydraulic lime which would go on to be succeeded by Portland cement (Milana, 2011). Further progress took place throughout the 1800s, but the actual concept of Portland Cement can be dated back to England

Rice husk ash (RHA), rich in silica content, can be produced from rice husk using appropriate combustion technique for use in concrete as a supplementary cementitious material. It is a fast growing pozzolan used in various cementitious activities which is highly encouraged due to vast abundance of rice in world. According to ( GRiSP 2013) over 90% of rice is produced in Asia. 10 % and 20% RHA replacement had better strength potentials significantly greater than 30, 40 and 50 percentages with a

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on the properties of concrete using copper slag as partial replacement of fine aggregate. In the present study the experimental investigations are carried out to evaluate the strength and durability characteristics of concrete by replacing the cement with Silica fume and fine aggregate with copper slag of various proportions. Silica fume and Copper slag are the materials that is considered as a industrial waste which can be used in

CHAPTER 3 CLAY SOIL STABILIZATION Treatment procedures that are available for stabilizing expansive soilsinclude: • Prewetting: Prewetting is based on the theory that increasing the moisture content in theexpansive foundation soils will cause heave to occur prior to constructionand thereby eliminate problems afterward (Chen, 1975). • Moisture Control: Moisture control methods are applied around the perimeter of structures inan attempt to minimize edge wetting or drying of foundations (Das, 1990)

1. Literature review on concrete: The definition of high strength changes over the years as concrete strength used in the field increases. Any construction activity requires several materials such as concrete, steel, brick, stone, glass, clay, mud, wood, and so on. However, the cement concrete remains the main construction material used in construction industries. For its suitability and adaptability with respect to the changing environment, the concrete must be such that it can conserve resources

The Roman Empire was a very intelligent civilization, they were responsible for many astounding creations. They were very well-known because of their outstanding contributions to Architecture, like many immense buildings, canals, and entertainment centers, and several of them are still standing today. We can look around our modern cities and compare today’s architecture to that of the ancient Romans. The Roman civilization is known for its Imperial powers during the long reign in the ancient world

2. Conventional cement The function of cement is for isolating production zone and to provide support for the casing [11].Portland cement is made up of calcium oxide (CaO), silicon dioxide (SiO) and water (H2O) which the composition of calcium carbonate is around 75-80 wt% and 20-25 wt% of clay [7],[14].. Compressive strength of Portland cement is developed through hydration. Hydration is chemical reaction between water and cement compound. The rheology and early strength of cement is developed

ABSTRACT Self compacting concrete with suitable chemical admixtures like Super Plasticizer and viscosity modifying agent can be cured, alternatively by addition of an internal curing agent instead of using large quantities of water. Steel fibers on the other hand have been used in cement and concrete composites for more than four decades, most of the steel fibers were introduced in the market prior to 1980. This is in sharp contrast to the continuous progress and development in the cement matrix

Concrete as is well known is a heterogeneous mix of cement, water and aggregates. The admixtures may be added in concrete in order to enhance some of the properties desired specially. In its simplest form, concrete is a mixture of paste and aggregates. Various materials are added such as fly ash, rice husk, and admixture to obtain concrete of desired property. The character of the concrete is determined by quality of the paste. The key to achieving a strong, durable concrete rests in the careful