Prolactin

Throughout history Gigantism and Acromegaly has shown in different nations, tribes, and races. Even though gigantism and acromegaly are both very rare and occurs in approximately 50 out of every 1 million people, both of these conditions are hard for parents to detect when in early ages because growth plates start to open up and children begin to start their growth phase. Gigantism and Acromegaly is a very interesting topic, because this disease causes children/people to grow to be abnormal sizes

Faculty of medicine Pediatrics Department Serum Prolactin Levels in Newborns with Respiratory Distress Syndrome Thesis Submitted for partial fulfillment of Master Degree in Pediatrics By Alia Saeed Abdel Maksoud Metwally M.B.B.CH Zagazig University Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University 2017 Introduction Respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants caused by pulmonary surfactant deficiency with incomplete lung development (Santosham et al, 2013). It can also occur

Medical Treatment Because dopamine is the chemical that normally inhibits prolactin secretion, doctors may treat prolactinoma with the dopamine agonists bromocriptine (Parlodel) or cabergoline (Dostinex). Agonists are drugs that act like a naturally occurring substance. These drugs shrink the tumor and return prolactin levels to normal in approximately 80 percent of patients. Both drugs have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of hyperprolactinemia. Bromocriptine

hyperprolactinemia and thyroid conditions with elevated levels of thyroid-stimulation hormone (TSH) or thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). 1 Pituitary tumors, the most common cause of galactorrhea, can result in hyperprolactinemia by producing prolactin or blocking the passage of dopamine from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland.2 Prolactinomas are the most common type of pituitary tumors and are associated with galactorrhea, amenorrhea

completing lobular development in the breast. Prolactin levels rise from a non-pregnant baseline of 10-25 ng/mL to 200-400 ng/mL at the end of the third trimester. Progesterone antagonism from the placenta enables prolactin levels to increase without subsequent milk production (Capuco& Akers, 2009; Geddes, 2007; Geddess et al, 2013). Progesterone Progesterone secretion begins to rise from the first day of pregnancy. In the presence of estrogen and prolactin, progesterone stimulates the proliferation

the levels of prolactin are high or low is through a test at the doctor’s office. For accurate results, the test is carried out in the morning, but early in one menstrual cycle (prior ovulation), because the levels are high after ovulation. If the test is positive (have high levels of prolactin), the medical care provider may prescribe Dostinex, but one will be at risk of Dostinex side effects. Dostinex It is a prescription drug and it’s a dopamine receptor agonist. It blocks prolactin production by

the medication used to treat prolactinoma. The medicines used are known as a dopamine agonist, for example, Bromocriptine is used to treat the condition. The dose of Bromocriptine to treat prolactinoma aim is to: • Normalize the production of prolactin hormone • Restore normal function of pituitary gland • Decrease the size of the pituitary tumor • Eliminate headaches and vision problems which are symptoms due to tumor

During HS, the utilization of carbohydrates (i.e. glucose) as an energy source is altered (Streffer, 1988), and this has been demonstrated by our lab in pigs (Pearce et al., 2013) and cattle (Wheelock et al., 2010). Acute HS was originally thought to be responsible for reduced worker productivity in summer months (Baumgard and Rhoads, 2013), and was first reported to cause hypoglycemia in cats (Lee and Scott, 1916). In addition, athletes exercising during times of HS have increased hepatic glucose

“The Functions of Dopamine on the Brain Research Paper” Dopamine is mostly referred to as the “pleasure chemical.” Although this is true, there are many other functions and effects dopamine has on the brain. “Dopamine is produced in the dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the midbrain, the substantia nigra pars compacta, and the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus” (Mandal). It is released to activate and assist the following: movement, memory, pleasure, social functions,

Although some endocrine glands function primarily as independent structures many endocrine glands are controlled by the hypothalamus (656). The pituitary gland links the endocrine system and nervous system together. The hypothalamus has direct control and indirect control of the release of several hormones. It has direct control over the release of hormones from the pituitary gland. It has indirect control over the release of hormones from several other endocrine organs. These organs consist of the