Renin

a drug class called Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. This medicine interferes in a production of angiotensin II via the enzyme inhibition, ultimately lowering the blood pressure. Understanding the physiological effect of angiotensin-renin system greatly fascinated me how our body is sophisticated in its structure and function, and it intrigued me further that our current knowledge allows us to design ACE inhibitor to combat high blood pressure. In ongoing pursuit of a pharmacist career

affecting the blood volume, the heart will increase or decrease it’s contractility overall changing the systolic blood pressure. With congestive heart failure, the act of sodium, chloride, and water retention is detected. This is in result of the Renin-Angiotensin System. When there is a decrease in

Shykoff, and Izzo evaluates the effect of social support intervention (pet ownership) in relation to stress before and while undergoing ACE inhibitor therapy. This study hypothesized that having a pet would help to lower blood pressure, heart rate, and renin responses to psychological stress. The study had 48 participants, equally distributed between male and female, with stage II hypertension and in a high-stress profession (stockbrokers). Participants were randomized to either a control group (without

The renal sympathetic nerves innervate the three major neuroeffectors in the kidney: juxtaglomerular granular cells, tubular epithelial cells and renal vasculature. Consequently, increased renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) leads to increased renin secretion rate via stimulation of ß1-adrenoceptors on juxtaglomerular granular cells, increased renal tubular sodium reabsorption (decreased urinary sodium excretion) via stimulation of alpha1B- adrenoceptors on renal

I. Introduction When I hear the words ”bad foods”, I always think of cakes, muffins, ice-cream and so on. But there is something that is almost always there, but it is often hiding. We put it on our fries, on nearly every single protein, and we use it when we boil water. Have you guessed what it is? Salt. It is always there, but we might not always know that it is there (Farley). It is one of those things that we don’t always see, but will affect us in the long run. But why is it that our parents

Hypertension (high blood pressure) is a major health issue worldwide, contributing to a large proportion of stroke, chronic kidney disease (CDK), and heart failure cases. However, organized hypertension prevention and control interventions have decreased the detrimental outcomes. Since the management of salt consumption also plays a role in decreasing of blood pressure in the population at risk, a global-based assessment of hypertension programs and salt consumptions was performed. This quantitative

The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is defined by hyponatremia (low plasma sodium ion concentrations) due to continued renal excretion of sodium in the face of its dilution in the plasma due to water retention (i.e dilution of sodium ions). This occurs due to the hypo-osmolality resulting from the inappropriate, continued secretion and action of the antidiuretic hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) despite normal or increased plasma volume. This hormone is transported

Is there a gender difference in chronic illness such as cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, hypertension and parkinson’s disease, for older adults in North America? Aging is inevitable, it is part of nature and as an individual ages, they become more at risk for developing a chronic illness such as cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, hypertension and parkinson’s disease. A chronic illness is classified as a disease that lasts for at least 3 months and is progressive which

CURRENT TREATMENTS TARGETING RAAS Because the RAAS has such a profound effect on the increase of blood volume during HF, it is an excellent target for many therapeutic agents. Current pharmacological treatments for HF that target the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system include ACE inhibitors and Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). ACE inhibitors such as Captopril block activity of the enzyme ACE and therefore the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II (the most bio active product of

molecule that is acted upon by renin. The primary organs involved with renin production are obviously the kidneys. Renin is created and stored in the kidneys. The renin that is produced there, as mentioned before, has a direct affect on other organs and systems as well. Once renin has been released from the juxtaglomular cells, it acts on a substrate called angiotensin. A substrate is a molecule that is acted upon by an enzyme. In this case, the enzyme is renin and the substrate is angiotensin