Retinal ganglion cell

Topic: Computational Modeling of Neural Networks on Layer IV of Primary Visual Cortex Confirms Retinal Origin of Orientation Map Results section Orientation selectivity is one of the properties of neuron in primary visual cortex that a neuron response maximally when particular orientation of stimulus is given. The orientation map is a map showing the orientation preferences of cortical neurons in primary visual cortex. This research provides evidences for support of the theory posit that the orientation

connects to the pontine REM regions, which have cells of the medial medullary reticular formation, may be important for moderating sleep-specific inhibitory or excitatory postsynaptic effects in motor neurons, and silencing medullary serotonin containing cells. In the dorsomedial pontine, some axon terminals emanate from there that make synaptic contacts with medullary reticular formation cells that dispatch axons to the hypoglossal motor nucleus. These cells mediate REM sleep-related inhibitory or excitatory

Austin Ferro; Section 005 March 22, 2017 Abstract: It is well understood that ocular dominance columns are a group of neurons that preferentially respond to the input from one eye over the other. When these groups of neurons converge onto binocular cells found in other layers, binocular vision is produced. However, it is less understood whether ophthalmologic diseases, specifically forms of astigmatism, strabismus and cataracts, have an impact on the development and maintenance of these ocular dominance

Background Precise control over the routes taken by growing neurons is tightly controlled (Steward, 1989). In the brain extracellular cues play an important part prompting attractive or repulsive behaviours in cell migration. In addition, they are necessary for cell adhesion, axon guidance and branching (Erskine & Herrera, 2007). For neurons that navigate over long distances, axons can be guided by chemoattractants that draw axonal navigation in its direction or chemorepellents that deter axonal

treated with existing treatments or medications. Retinitis pigmenstosa (RP) is an example of such pathology. RP is an inherited eye disorder in which light-receiving photoreceptor cells (rods and cons) degenerate. The photoreceptor

apoptotic cell death, blocking their function is a useful approach to find out whether apoptosis has a causal effect in triggering compensatory proliferation. In various species tissue regeneration was impaired if cell death was blocked with pan-caspase or effector caspase inhibitors (Fan and Bergmann 2008; Li et al. 2010; Ryoo and Bergmann 2012; Tseng et al. 2007). This approach has also been shown to ameliorate loss of neuronal cells and function after traumatic brain injury and retinal detachment

My research interests lie in cell signaling, and more broadly, in sensory processing. My interest in cell signaling has evolved from early studies I conducted on the human A1 adenosine receptor (hA1AR). In this first exposure to G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling, I aided in determining those amino acid residues within the fifth transmembrane-spanning region of the hA1AR that were accessible from the ligand-binding crevice using the substituted-cysteine accessibility method (SCAM). Utilization

typically centered around the age and severity of the disease. The younger age patients and those who are move advanced have a lower IOP target. The last paragraph in this article talked about future treatment options and one idea discussed was using stem cell transplant

the active metabolic pump in the endothelium. This layer of cells in the posterior of the cornea maintain the fluid pump to keep the cornea dry and clear through the metabolic pump which is activated by temperature and the sodium potassium ATPase enzyme. The cell density of this basement membrane is vital as it is 7500 cells/mm2 and decreases with age (Michael 2014). If this cell density reaches low levels of approximately 300-500 cells/mm2 then a corneal edema develops since the endothelium cannot

(V1) receives most of its retinal input through the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). Anatomical and functional segregation of visual perception starts at the level of the retina, where parvocellular (P) ganglion cells have small receptive fields and have sustained colour-sensitive synaptic response to light, whereas magnocellular (M) ganglion cells have larger receptive fields and a faster adapting achromatic response to light [Livingston et al., 1992]. Both types of cells project to the layers 3-6