Routing

Switching & Routing The purpose of this paper is to provide a better understanding of switching and routing used in a network environment and familiarize the reader with various hardware and software associated with there functions. This paper will look at some switching concepts that will include store and forward switching, cut through switching, fragment free switching, and V-Lan. This paper will also cover routing concepts, along with some comparisons including routed vs. routing protocols,

Load Optimum MPLS Routing with Routers and Links (N+M) ABSTRACT: MPLS is now a days the most important thing in the intra domain routing (i.e. routing in own domain or network). The main advantage of MPLS is the flexibility it offers towards traffic engineering ex. To support higher demand without overloading any links. Most of the major vendors are now offering MPLS routers and many ISPs are deploying MPLS in their IP backbone as well as in ATMs and frame relays. Because of this increase in transition

SSA is descendent of Associativity-Based Routing ABR. Similar to ABR; SSA chooses route based on location stability and signal strength. In SSA, route selection for a packet is based on choosing routes based on stronger connectivity’s [12]. SSA is based on the two co-operative protocols; Dynamic Routing Protocol (DRP); Static Routing Protocol (SRP). The DRP had maintains Signal Stability Table (SST) and the routing table (RT). SST records signal strength of all neighboring nodes. The signal strength

B. Geographic and Energy Aware Routing (GEAR) Yu et al. proposed a protocol named Geographic and Energy Aware Routing (GEAR)[10], that utilize energy aware neighbor selection for routing a packet towards the targeted region. In order to disseminate the packet inside the destination region, this protocol uses recursive geographic forwarding or the restricted flooding algorithm. To route a packet to the target region, GEAR protocol uses geographically informed neighbor selection and energy awareness

Introduction: Routing Information Protocol is one of the oldest Distance Vector Routing Protocol which goes under the Interior Gateway Protocol type 2. Routing Information Protocol version 1 was stated in 1988 and it was the primary routing protocol utilized on the Internet. The purpose behind utilizing the routing protocols is to decrease the time delay (Aydogan, 2010), Improve the data transmission utilization (Shih, 2010), Reducing power utilization (Khan, 2010) and decreasing the packet loss

Hybrid (both proactive and reactive) routing This type of protocol combines the advantages of proactive and reactive routing. The routing is initially established with some proactively prospected routes and then serves the demand from additionally activated nodes through reactive flooding. The choice of one or the other method requires predetermination for typical cases. The main disadvantages of such algorithms are: 1. Advantage depends on number of other nodes activated. 2. Reaction to traffic

A Review on security issues on routing protocols in Delay Tolerant networks 1. Swati Research scholar Punjabi University Patiala Email:er.swati.jindal87@gmail.com 2. Dr.Jagtar Singh Associate professor,ECE department Ycoe talwandi sabo Punjabi university Patiala Email: jagtarsivian@yahoo.com 3. Dr.Harminder Singh Bindra Assistant Professor,IT department MIMIT,Malout Email: bindra.harminder@gmail.com Abstract: In modern world, Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) has significant role in communications

survey Routing Protocols in MANET’s Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANET) are characterized as networks without any physical connections. In these networks there is no fixed topology due to the mobility of nodes, interference, multipath propagation and path loss. Hence a dynamic routing protocol is needed for these networks to function properly. Many Routing protocols have been developed for accomplishing this task. MANET routing protocols can be categorized as Proactive or Table-driven Routing Protocols

Detection and Prevention of Sinkhole Attack on Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP) in MANET M.Kayalvizhi1, Mr.G.Arul Kumaran2, A.Nithyasri3 1PG Scholar, Dept .of Information Technology, Vivekananda College of Engineering for Women Tiruchengode – 637205, Tamilnadu, India 2Assistant Professor, Dept. of Information Technology, Vivekananda College of Engineering for Women Tiruchengode – 637205, Tamilnadu, India 3Assistant Professor, Dept. of Information Technology, Vivekananda College of Engineering for

Analysis of Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks: Review Shalabh Mishra Computer Science Department IMS Engineering College Ghaziabad, India shalabhgreat1@gmail.com Dipesh Rai Computer Engineering Department IMS Engineering College Ghaziabad, India dipeshrai111@gmail.com Shashank Dixit Computer Engineering Department IMS Engineering College Ghaziabad, India shiva.imsec@gmail.com Abstract—this paper attempts to describe a literature review of Wireless Sensor Network routing protocols. A wireless