Septic shock

Introduction Severe sepsis and septic shock represents a significant healthcare problem among hospitalized patients. It is a major cause of mortality especially among older patients and patients with multiple pathologies, many of whom are admitted through emergency departments (EDs) (Coen et al., 2014). The research suggests that while not all patients with septic shock is admitted through the ED, the care received by patients in the ED may significantly impact their prognosis (Coen e.t al., 2014)

Septic shock is the stage of sepsis when multiple organ failure is evident and uncontrolled bleeding of the body occurs. Septic shock results from the complication of an infection where toxins initiate a full body inflammatory response. Viral, fungal, and bacterial infections can all lead to septic shock, but the most common causes of sepsis are gram- negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria. Sepsis causes severe hypovolemic shock and hypodynamic cardiac function to affect the body, platelets

Analysis of Disease: Septic Shock Septic shock, a potentially lethal drop in blood pressure due to infection, is not completely understood even with the progress made in science and medicine throughout the years (Heuther & McCance, 2012). It is one of the most common causes of death in the intensive care unit (ICUs) in the United States of America each year, with a mortality rate of 28 to 60 percent (Heuther & McCance, 2012, p. 632). Septic shock is most commonly caused by bacteria, often gram-positive

Sepsis and Septic Shock have been my personal topic after the life of young Kamil Williams and a 31-year-old Texas man who both contacted a bacterial infection later turn into sepsis. Although I have not formally studied it during my school or university years, I still find the human body, how it can break down and react to certain ailments interesting. The next question would be why does this happen? Well when there is infection or insult upon the body’s immune system normal reacts and causing

Kleinpell states, “Septic shock is the result of an overwhelming infection, leading to hypotension, altered coagulation, inflammation, impaired circulation at a cellular level, anaerobic metabolism, changes in mental status and multiple organ failure (as sited in Garretson & Malberti, Ignatavicius and Workman (2009), “sepsis is a widespread infection coupled with a more general criteria: body temperature higher than 380C or lower than 360C, heart rate greater than 90 beats per minute, respiratory

cellulitis to septic shock”. Cellulitis is the starting cause of an infection that will lead through the sepsis cycle, finishing with the severe part septic shock (Swartz, 2004). Analysation of the interrelationships between localised infection, systemic inflammation response syndrome (SIRS), and the sepsis course will be discussed throughout this report. Additionally, this report will incorporate comprehensive detail of the physiological systemic weakening that can prompt septic shock. Finally, in-depth

Sepsis: Is a systemic inflammatory response in the presence of a documented infection. Severe sepsis: Is sepsis complicated by organ dysfunction, is diagnosed in more than 750,000 patients per year and has mortality rates as high as 28%-50%. Septic shock: Is the presence of sepsis with hypotension despite fluid resuscitation along with the presence of inadequate tissue perfusion. Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS): Is the failure of two or

Circulatory shock is a syndrome of widespread cellular hypoxia, triggered by a systemic alteration of perfusion and delivery and/or utilization of tissue oxygen, eventually causing end-organ dysfunction and death [53]. It can be subdivided into 4 distinct categories according to its primary pathophysiological mechanism, namely cardiogenic, hypovolemic, obstructive and distributive [54]. In the first 3 types, perfusion has changed as a consequence of the cardiac output decrease, whereas distributive

different types of sepsis and the complications that arise from them along with the pathophysiology and risk factors. Bernstein and Lynn emphasized the importance of a proper nursing assessments, recognition of septic progression and nursing interventions. An individual can get a septic infection from many sources, such as surgery, burns, injury, etc. The infectious source can be bacterial, parasitic, viral, or fungal. According to Bernstein& Lynn (2013), Systemic inflammatory response syndrome

arise from an illness including sepsis. Sepsis is known as a systemic infection that is located within the blood and can invade every organ and tissue in the body. If the infection is not treated in time or cannot be controlled, it can progress to septic shock and eventually to multiple organ dysfunctional syndrome. Sepsis is a serious infection and the mortality rate has increased by 50% due to a delay in seeking medical attention with an infection (Davis, 2014). Once a localized infection has invaded