Sodium hypochlorite

the other reactant is left over, this is called the excess reactant. To learn about limiting reactants we received a lab that has both limiting reactants and excess reactants. The objective of the lab was to make chalk using calcium chloride and sodium carbonate. There was three trials

hydrochloric acid (HCl) and Sodium Thiosulphate (Hypo solution). There are multiple ways to test the rate of reaction between two substances, however the experiment we will be conducting involves placing a conical flask directly over a black coloured ‘x’ and recording the time it takes for the ‘x’ to become invisible after the two solutions react with each other. This is simple and direct as multiple tests can be undertaken at different concentration levels and multiple temperatures. Sodium Thiosulphate and

In this experiment, the measurements and observations that I made supported one another. For instance, we observed that the red powder turned black when heat was applied, therefore Oxygen from the air was added, allowing oxidation to occur. Based on what the Pre-Lab Procedure said, my partner and I didn't observe anything that we didn't expect. Step by step, we were able to determined what the reactant was. According to our observations, we can conclude the unknown substance/reactant is Cu2O, Copper

Every reaction that occurred during this lab was a double replacement reaction, or a chemical reaction in which two aqueous compounds react with each other and result in two different compounds where one is either a solid precipitate, a liquid (water), or a gas. A precipitate in this case is a solid that exits the aqueous solution during the chemical reaction because it is too heavy to stay in the solution. Clear signs of a chemical reaction occurring is the formation of a precipitate, especially

Aluminum isopropoxide (Al(-O-i-Pr)3) and aluminum nitrate nonahydrate (ANN) were used as alumina sources and tetra ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as a silica source. Mullite precursor gel solution was prepared by dissolving stoichiometric amounts of aluminium isopropoxide and TEOS in the aqueous solution of aluminium nitrate nonahydrate and stirring it vigorously for 2 hours. The molar ratio of Al(-O-i-Pr)3/Al(NO3)3.9H2O was kept at 7:2 in order to form spinnable sols and the mole ratio of Al/Si was

The purpose of this lab was to use empirical evidence to determine the type of chemical change and be able to write these changes as balanced reactions. We found that 9 out of 16 reactions yielded precipitates and 1 had a color change (Cu(NO3)2 x KI). To set up this experiment, we combined different solutions in a well plate. 3 drops of Ca(NO3)2, Cu(NO3)2, Ni(NO3)2, and Zn(NO3)2 were put into wells A1 to A4, B1 to B4, C1 to C4, and D1 to D4 respectively. Next, 3 drops of KI, KOH, Na2C2O4, and Na2SO4

One important step in running a chemical reaction is understand stoichiometry. The number of moles, molarity, or grams of a substance used in a reaction can be used to predict the amount of each substance produced. In the lab “What is the Limiting Reagent?” stoichiometry was used in the calculating with substance was in excess. Stoichiometry is uses the relationships between reactants and/or products in a chemical reaction to determine desired quantitative data using mole ratios (4). The main concept

example AB + CD → AC + BD. This basically explains that chemicals swap different components with each other to produce completely new components. For this practical report the chemicals used were Sodium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid, Potassium iodide and Silver nitrate and Barium Chloride and Sodium Sulphate. In order for the equations to work, both sides must be balanced equally. For example in the third equations there are the chemicals BaCl2 + Na2SO4 ----> BaSO4 + 2NaCl. Each chemical in

Purpose: Finding the concentration of Ca2+ ions in two samples of hard water. Hypothesis: According to the given molarity of CaCl2 in the table, the concentration of sample one should be 0.400 M, making the hardness of the water 400 mg/L and the concentration of sample four should be 0.100 M, making the hardness of the 40.1 mg/L. Procedures: The first experiment was performed to test the procedure of finding Ca2+ ions in a solution. A known amount of CaCl2 and an excess of Na2CO3 were added

The purpose of the experiment is to test the fluid balance in the body, by studying the osmotic regulation in the kidney (Manuguid, et al., 2015) Also, test the changes in urine pH, urine flow rate and specific density among non-drinking and drinking groups. The main purpose of avoiding food and drink prior to the lab was to eliminate the effects that could occur in the class data, reduce the amount of error and to get a fair result by having everyone start at the same time. If each student did not