Soil improvers

is one of the most ancient industrial technologies developed by being (Harris, 1999). Terra Petra is known as black-earth-like anthropogenic soils with sustainable fertility in Amazonia. Key features of terra preta are higher level of soil organic matter (SOM) enhanced nutrient – holding capacity and higher moisture-holding capacity than in surround soils. Terra preta was made through the input of tremendous amounts of nutrients (especially Ca, P, and N) and organic matter (OM) by adding animal

The contribution of cockroaches in the ecosystem. What will happen if there were no cockroaches? Cockroaches are one of the ancient species, it begins to be found from the Carboniferous period, about 320 million years ago [1]. It belongs to the group of Blattodea, undering the category of Inseacta. Most of us has seen cockroaches, we often see them hiding inside the dark and humid place in our home, including the kitchen, toilet or the gutter. Every time we see them, we would never be nice to them

(Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005). Soil acts as a substrate for the beautiful scenery provided by landscapes. It is also an archive for archaeological treasures (Biggs 2004) and geological resources which are a significant part of heritage. By regulating greenhouse gases (Soil Science Society of America 2014), soils ensure the availability of clean air for human kind. Soils also provide a medium for the improvement of human living conditions. 3 SOIL FUNCTIONS AS THEY RELATE TO THE ENVIRONMENT

clover or hairy vetch when soil would usually be bare to help prevent erosion of the soil. These crops also replenish soil nutrients and keep weeds in check which then prevents the use of herbicides and fertilizers. Planting a variety of crops can also have many benefits, including healthier soil and improved pest control, and that is very important on a farm. Traditional plowing prepares fields for planting and also prevents weed problems, but can cause a lot of soil loss. No plowing or reduced

In Ireland many crops are grown. Most of them are meant to be for family or animal consumption. Over 300,00 hectares of the best land in Ireland is engaged in tillage farming. Cereal crops are the main output led by barley, wheat, and oats. They also produce oilseed rape, maize, sugar beets, beans, peas, and potatoes. Between 2000 and 2010 Ireland recorded the highest wheat and Barley yields in the world according to John Spink. Principal crops in 1999 included barley at 1,278,00 tons, sugar beets

distant memory that remains a mystery. The most probable explanation as to what led to the collapse of the Mayan in a period of fewer than 100 years is unfavorable environmental factors such as the onset of drought, deterioration in the quality of soils, and other forms of climatic change. Environmental Factors Research has shown that the appearance of severe drought caused the decline of the Mayan civilization. The Mayans had managed to build a huge and well-organized society that heavily depended

essential part of the soil and also works as the indicators of the soil quality as their presence highly affected by the any contamination to the soil (Andreni et al., 2004; Abd Elsalam et al., 2006). Microorganisms play very important roles in maintain soil fertility and primary production through organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling. E-waste contains the harmful pollutants and chemicals that amended to the soil and generates harmful effects to the microbes living in soil. Elevated concentrations

those trees to put inside. This leads me to describe the area as relatively wooded, area that does show clear signs of human development there, but nothing as great as an urban center, but more just a light infrastructure. 3. Biogeography and soils If I haven 't already in subsequent chapters let me dive into the biological geography in this next paragraph. Bedford is a series of hardwood forests, followed by open grasses that are maintained by man. There does though leave a large amount

Trophic Categories: 1. Producers 2. Consumers 3. Detritus feeders and decomposers Producers = organisms that capture energy from the sun or from chemical reactions to convert carbon dioxide to organic matter Organic Matter vs. Inorganic Matter -Matter that makes up the bodies of living things generally characterized by the presence of carbon and hydrogen bonds. Most producers are green plants. 1. Autotroph i. Chemosynthetic bacteria ii. Green plants iii. Algae 2. Heterotroph

to healthy soil and a healthy environment. Composting is a cost- efficient way of getting rich natural soil for a very cheap price. There are numerous types of compost bins available to make; each enable the growth of lawns and gardens. A compost pile is usually made from fruit and vegetable scraps, newspaper and grass clippings, worms (that act as decomposers), and leaves. Hypothesis According to the concept of composting it is more than likely that rich filled nutrient soil will be produced