Spermatozoon

Significance of Ca2+ influx Through CatSper Channels The process of hypermotility and its relationship with CatSper channels has been previously analyzed. After Ca2+ is allowed to go down its concentration gradient and into the sperm cell, various physiological processes are seen to be activated (1). Thus, CatSper channels appear to have a crucial mission when it comes to spermatozoa normal functionality and different studies have provided further evidence. In CatSper -/- (mutant) sperm, motility

Table 1: Transgenic mice models involved in biological processes influenced by cholesterol and their associated effects on male fertility. Process influenced by cholesterol Gene product and gene Phenotype Reference Cholesterol efflux and RCT ATP binding cassette Abca1 Lipid accumulation in Sertoli cells Fertility reduced 21% (Selva et al., 2004) Cholesterol efflux Niemann-Pick C1 Npc1 Abnormal sperm morphology Failed zona pellucida penetration Decreased sperm count Defects in epididymal maturation

Conservation of Endangered Marsupials Marsupials are creatures that are a very unique group of mammals. Many creatures are becoming threatened, and some have already become extinct. Threatened marsupials could be a pool of agricultural, medicinal, or genetic wealth that we do not yet have the technology to utilize. There are many methods to conserving these genetic pools; one of which is through reproduction manipulation. Artificial insemination, embryo transfer, and nuclear transfer are

Abstract Introduction: We aim to predict results of varicocelectomy on sperm density and progressive motility using preoperative clinical, laboratory and radiological data and to propose cut-off values for significant parameters. Methods: This prospective study was carried out between July 2011 and June 2014. We included 123 patients in our study. They were diagnosed with primary infertility with varicocele, were scheduled for varicocelectomy, and completed their follow-up. We excluded patients with

The Process of Sea Urchin Fertilization in a controlled environment There were two sea urchins given to each group, one male and one female, both varied in size. The question that is asked is how long will it take for the sea urchin to fertilize. A Sea Urchin normally only takes 60 seconds for all the but the successful sperm to spawn. In typical sea urchins, cleavage occurs in a stereotyped way, producing progressively smaller cells also known as blastomeres. Our question still remained the same

Seminal viruses (i.e., HIV, and possibly Zika) can be present as cell-free RNA, or in the form of proviral DNA, or be associated with receptor-carrying lymphocytes and macrophages. However, concrete evidence for an association between sperm cells, and/or the possible internalization of the Zika virus into de cell does not exist. Although the net effect on sperm cells is uncertain, yet it is possible that changes in Vivo (or in Vitro) of extra-cellular concentration of the virus may cause semen

In the above figure A, there are intracellular Zn points and localisations were noticed using Fluozin-3AM in MII eggs earlier. While after in (b), treating with 50 μM TPEN. In figure B immunocytochemistry was performed. It shown that zinc inadequately induced by TPEN can result in egg stimulation. The oocyte itself also appears to play a crucial role in the activation mechanism, the exact facts of which are yet to be properly understood. The capability to produce suitable Ca oscillations is acquired

How a woman’s age affects the success rate of IVF treatment. Aim: To investigate how a woman’s age affects the success rates of her IVF process. Application and impact: IVF is most commonly used to help a couple who are unable to conceive the chance to conceive. This gives them the opportunity of having a child that they never would have had before. The treatment starts off by a course of hormone therapy to help stimulate the development of follicles in the ovary. The eggs are then collected and

The Effect of Salinity on Sea Urchin (Lytechinus purpuratus) Fertilization Nicky Friedman, Lewis Sorokin, Alyssa Raifsnider, Jake Lippi Franklin and Marshall College, October 4, 2016 Introduction Due to an influx of freshwater from melting polar ice caps, the overall saline concentration of various saltwater environments has been steadily decreasing for years, thereby endangering their inhabitants (Lessios, 2008). For these organisms, including Lytechinus purpuratus, a species of sea urchin, this

Redback spiders can be found in Australia, and normally, they will eat a variety of food sources ranging from small rodents, insects, and spiders. However, when engage in sexual activity, the females will consume the males. The females are bigger than the males, according to Stoltz and Andrade (2009) the males are only 1 or 2 % of the female body. It is extremely difficult for the males to find females for copulation, the chances are slim, so when a male finds a female, most males are willing to