Standing wave ratio

Chapter 1 Introduction The patch antenna plays a very important role in today’s world of wireless communication systems .There is always a large demand for high performance ,small size and low cost wireless communication systems .in order to get these requirements ,planar patch antenna is preferred because of their various advantages such as light weight ,low volume ,low cost and ease for fabrication .although the microstrip patch antenna has various advantages it has various disadvantages which

3.6.6 Voltage Standing Wave Ratio There should be a maximum power transfer between the transmitter and the antenna for the antenna to perform very well. This happens only when the impedance Zin is matched to the transmitter internal impedance, Zs. In the process of accomplishing this particular configuration for an antenna to perform very well, there is always a reflecting power which leads to the standing waves, which is categorized by the Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR). This is given by [30]:-

antenna without DGS ,4x1 array antenna with DGS (Dumbbell shaped , Double Circular shaped, E-shaped) and analyze the results. I analyze that I god improved results in 4x1 array antenna configuration with E-shaped DGS structure in terms of Voltage Standing Wave Ratio of 1.12, Return loss of -22.12 dB, Bandwidth of 404 MHz, Gain of 7 dB etc. 1.1 Problem Statement : Design Microstrip array antenna with Improved DGS structure for Performance Improvement. 1.2 Objectives 1) Design a single patch

vaishali_dhede@rediffmail.com Abstract The main aim of this paper is to give overview on Micro strip patch antenna design using different defected ground structures for improving the performance parameters of the antenna such as Gain, Directivity, and Voltage Standing Wave Ratio. Return Loss. By giving proper patch length ,patch width, substrate material such as FR4 with dielectric constant 4.4 and thickness 1.6mm,boundary material such as Vacuum/air, most important the patch material such as nickel and by adding

Introduction The research is specifically carried out on Particle Sorting using the interplay between the Travelling Surface Acoustic Wave and the Stationary Surface Acoustic Wave. Sorting individual cells/particles of interest from a heterogeneous population has been of critical importance in biological studies and clinical applications, such as single cell sequencing, rare cell isolation, and drug screening. The introduction of “lab-on-a-chip” (i.e., small-sized analytical devices) has spurred

A B S T R A C T The main aim of this paper is to give overview on Micro strip patch antenna design using different defected ground structures for improving the performance parameters of the antenna such as Gain, Directivity, and Voltage Standing Wave Ratio. Return Loss. By giving proper patch length ,patch width, substrate material such as FR4 with dielectric constant 4.4 and thickness 1.6mm,boundary material such as Vacuum/air, most important the patch material such as nickel and by adding array

2.6.2 Radiation Pattern Microstrip Patch Antenna has radiation patterns that can be simply calculated. The source of the radiation of the electric field at the gap of the edge of the Microstrip element and the ground plane is main factor to the accurate calculation of the pattern for the patch antenna. Simply it can be said that the power radiated or received by the antenna is the function of angular position and radial distribution from the antenna [24]. In the fig.24 [9] below we can see the side

Introduction As seen in the previous laboratory experiment, standing waves are produced when a wave and its reflection are superposed. When a wave travels on a string we notice places of maximum amplitude called antinodes, and regions of no amplitude at all, that we call nodes. When the medium in which the wave travels is air instead of a string, similar observations are made. In this case, the antinodes are regions of maximum compression in the air column, while the nodes are those regions which

My life can be divided into two segments. The first part I lived with my family and Mexico City, the second part started when I moved to Austin in the start of college. The live that I lived in each of the sections has been different from the activities that I took part in, all the way to what kind of location those activities occurred. In this paper I will explain the two mental maps that I created. For each map I will compare and contrast the Landmarks, nodes, edges, paths, and edges in each of

According to the acoustic theory of speech production, what we know to be speech output results from a source of sound energy (e.g. the larynx) modulated by a transfer (filter) function which is determined by the shape of the resonator (vocal tract). This model, often referred to as the "source-filter theory of speech production," originates from the works of Gunner Fant (1960, 1980) and Stevens and House (1955, 1961) (Haskins Laboratory, Yale University 2008). Source filter theory puts forth two