Striatum

Performed in the practical was an experiment which was used to determine the number of dopamine D1 receptors in the striatum of a rat, along with the binding affinity of these receptors. In the total receptor binding experiment, the 3H-SCH 23390 was added to homogenised rat striatum tissue and Tris ion buffer in descending concentrations of 3H-SCH 23390. No flupentixol was added to these experiments. The lack of flupentixol allowed the binding of both specific binding to the D1 receptor and the non-specific

Huntington’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease that is procured from a repeat expansion of CAG in chromosome 4 the Huntington’s gene. “When the number of CAG repeats passes 39 then the disease will inexorably occur at some point in life” (Cepeda). Scientists currently do not know for certain why the cells within the basal ganglia specifically die in Huntington’s patients because the huntingtin protein is present is all cells not just exclusively nerve cells. The normal function of the huntingtin

According to Shiffrin & Atkinson (1969), long-term memory is defined as the processes by which information is stored in and retrieved from. The two processes involved in long-term memory are encoding and retrieval. Encoding refers to the process in which information is learned and converted into a memory representation, whereas retrieval refers to accessing previously stored information (Shiffrin & Atkinson, 1969). The two forms of long-term memory are declarative or explicit memory and non-declarative

Gray matter, an important constituent of central nervous system includes regions of the brain involved in sensory perception that includes vision, hearing, memory, emotions, speech, executive functions like decision making and self-control. Gray matter has been a focus of clinical attention and research as it has been consistently involved in studies to better understand brain pathology, pathophysiology and neurobiology in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Many meta-analytical reviews in structural

According to recent studies, food can just be as addictive as any other drug out there (Gearhardt et a.,2011; Johnson & Kenney, 2010; Deroche-Gamonet et al, 2004). Most of the evidence points out to the parallels between the corresponding neural correlates of drug and food addiction. Corwin and Grigson (2009) noted that food addiction is a rather pervasive and yet contentious issue that has of late grabbed media attention and the attention of general academia. A common sign of food addiction is overeating

system possesses an array of unique functions due to its complex and unique structures. The system contains the hypothalamus, mammillary bodies, septal area, amygdala, hippocampus, orbital and medial prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, ventral striatum and cingulate gyrus (ebrain, 2016). The limbic lobe is mainly responsible for facilitating mental functions and behavior such as emotions, cognition, judgment, impulsivity, learning, memory, pain, perception, motivation, and reward (ebrain, 2016)

ones are “atypicals.” Typical Antipsychotics – Block the D2 receptors of mesolimbic as well as dorsal striatum region leads to antipsychotic action along-with extrapyramidal side effects (EPS). Atypical Antipsychotics – Block the D2 receptors of mesolimbic region leads to the antipsychotic action and also block the 5HT2A serotonin receptors which allows dopamine release in dorsal striatum region resulting in no extrapyramidal side effects (EPS). Hence atypical antipsychotics are superior over

While enacting revenge may be the sole focus for most people in their quest for revenge, what they do not know is the neurology and emotion behind revenge are really the fuel that keeps their desire for revenge going. The brain acts a certain way when there is a thought of revenge and when revenge is carried out. These changes are the difference between normal brain activity and stimulated brain activity caused by revenge. Emotion also plays a key role in the execution of revenge as well as the feeling

Social media: like, tweet, favorite, save, retweet, love, share, post, snap, comment, subscribe, follow, notify, blog, chat, hashtag, tag, troll, and poke. An entirely new vocabulary was created. Snapchat your grandma, pin a new recipe, tweet your celebrity crush. The possibilities are endless. But is it really that great? People lie about where they’ve been, what they’ve ate, and even who they are. Everyone should permanently abandon social media because it’s destructive to the user’s health

Mobile phone exposure and carcinogenesis Brain cancer is the most frightening hazard of mobile phone use. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified RF fields as “possibly carcinogenic to humans,” in 2002 in spite of limited evidence from human and animal studies (IARC, 2002). The relation between mobile phone radiation exposure and cancer are justified. Muscat et al. (2000) showed that a relationship exists between mobile phone use and meningioma or glioma. A meta-analysis