Substantia nigra

Introduction: Investigative Question: Can stem cells be used to cure a neurological disease, namely; Parkinson’s Disease? The aim of this research is to determine if stem cells can be used to cure Parkinson’s disease. I too aim to determine if such may be achieved by using stem cells that are obtained in an ethically unchallenging manner, such as by using induced pluripotent stem cells, which are created from one’s own skin, to cure the disease. I chose to conduct research into this topic as currently

Site Plan | I. Neurons/nerve cells A neuron is a cell specialized to conduct electrochemical impulses called nerve impulses or action potentials. Neuron is the main cellular component of the nervous system, a specialized type of cell that integrates electrochemical activity of the other neurons that are connected to it and that propagates that integrated activity to other neurons. They are the basic information processing structures in the CNS.

Common health conditions To begin with, we will look at some of the most common health conditions you are likely to come across when supporting people who have complex needs. For each condition, you need to think about how it can change as it progresses or worsens, and the possible effects of these changes. The conditions we will discuss in this learning guide are listed below, but you may be able to think of others in relation to supporting people with complex needs. • asthma. • depression. • diabetes

Nicotine Cigarette smoking has been known for years to impair health of smokers and nonsmokers exposed to smoke in various ways such as by damaging the lungs and circulatory system. Nicotine, present in mainstream and sidestream smoke, is believed to be one of the most toxic components of tobacco. In 1994, David Kessler, commissioner of the FDA, launched an attack on tobacco companies, claiming they deliberately increased nicotine levels in cigarettes. Nicotine has been shown in various experiments

environmental factors. PD is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder of unknown etiology that has no cure. The distinctive neurochemical characteristic of PD is dopamine loss in the nigrostriatal dopamine system (Adler, 2011). In the substantia nigra (SN) of people with PD there is a loss of neuronal cells, demonstrated by

neurologist) and there is a high rate of misdiagnosis. Just as importantly, a patient may have the disease for many years before it is diagnosed. By the time of diagnosis, typically 60% or more of the neurons in the affected part of the brain (the substantia nigra) have already been lost. There is active research into the causes of PD and it is likely that both neuroprotective drugs and treatments to slow the disease progression will be developed. However, the efficacy of such treatments depends on early