Substitution

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    Essay Import Substitution Industrialization and East Asian Model After the end of the World War II the world faced the challenges of economic and social recovery. The majority of developing countries based their economies on Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI), the state-oriented approach to a trade and economic policy. ISI supports the replacement of import with domestic production in order to reduce foreign dependency. This protectionist policy dominated in developing countries, especially

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    Introduction In this experiment, Conversion of Alcohol to Alkyl Halides and alcohol is converted to an alkyl halide through SN1 or an SN2 mechanism. This is done by using 1-propanol and 2-pentantol with HBr, Hydrobromic acid. Only half of the groups will use 1-propanol, and 2-pentantol. All results are analyzed using NMR and IR. An SN1 reaction, requires two steps. The first step, using an alcohol as an reactant, is the pronation of the –OH group from the R group. This produces a cation intermediate

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    Sn2 Reaction Lab Report

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    Theory: SN2 reactions are one class of organic reactions that deal with substituting one group with another group. The group that leaves is known as the leaving group and the group that substitutes is the nucleophile. In order for SN2 to occur, there needs to be a good leaving group and good nucleophile. Good leaving groups are those that are weak bases. Nucleophiles should be strong for SN2. Solvent also plays an effect for SN2 reactions. Polar aprotic solvents are polar solvents without a hydrogen

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    Heuristic thinking is the refined mental process people use when faced with an alternative. Such decisions are typically made quickly and unconsciously. Quickly making a decision without thinking through every detail can be advantageous but it can lead to biases and inconsistencies. There are four common biases caused by heuristics; relative comparisons, availability, representativeness, and affective. The first bias, relative comparison, is when people criticize based off of correlation or affiliation

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    Elimination Reactions

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    In this lab, the goal is to explore the idea of elimination reactions and investigate ways to synthesizes alkynes. The product that will be produced is diphenylacetylene and this will be done by starting with meso-stilbene dibromide using elimination reactions. The balanced reaction is: For an E2 reaction to occur, strong bases should be utilized for this lab since E2 reactions favor well with strong bases. KOH is a strong base that is also acts as a strong nucleophile. This is because it contains

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    Sn2 Reaction Lab Report

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    Pronin, Reiher, and Shenvi provide a shortcut to produce compounds with tertiary alkylisonitriles or tertiary alkylamines from tertiary alcohols through a transformation similar to a Sn2 reaction. This could make it easier to synthesize natural products that have anticancer, antimalarial, or antifungal properties. In a Sn2 reaction, a nucleophile displaces a leaving group so that the substrate’s stereochemistry is flipped. The structural flip could change a compound’s chemical properties. This cannot

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    Alkyl Halide Lab

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    Elimination Reactions of Alkyl Halides Purpose The purpose of this lab is to understand the process of eliminating an alkyl halide to form an alkene. The experiment is carried out by first converting the alcohol, 2-methy-2-butanol, into the alkyl halide of 2-chloro-2-methylbutane that will then be put through dehydrohalogenation that favors elimination reaction (E2) to create a mixture of 2-methyl-2-butene by alcoholic potassium hydroxide (KOH⁻) base and 2-methyl-1-butene by potassium tert-Butoxide

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    To perform SN1 Reactions using triphenylmethanol to yield triphenylmethyl bromide and triphenylmethyl methyl ether Experimental Section Triphenylmethyl bromide. First, a hot water bath was prepared in a 400 mL beaker with a boiling stick and this was placed on the hot plate. Also, an ice bath was prepared in the 600 mL plastic beaker. Next, methanol (3.00 mL) was added to a small reaction tube and this was placed in the prepared ice bath, which was set aside for the second reaction. In another

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    Penal Substitution In Christian theology, one of the some basic yet important doctrine is that of atonement. It is believed that Jesus through his death and resurrection saved the souls of humanity and took on the weight of humanity’s sins. However, though believed to have happen, how Jesus was able to accomplish this tremendous and history changing feet is only speculated. There are many theories, call the theories of salvation or atonement, that try to explain how Jesus was able to an achieve

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    The purposes of this experiment were to model a bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction between potassium hydroxide (KOH) with 1-bromopropane and determine whether it follows a second-order rate law mechanism. A rate constant of 0.0684 M-1 min-1 was obtained for this reaction at 45.1°C, which was determined through equilibrating the reaction and performing titrations of 0.390 M KOH with 0.1000 M hydrochloric acid (HCl). The activation energy calculated from class data was 50.188 kJ/mol, which

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