Superior oblique muscle

CRANIAL NERVE 3 PALSY Differential diagnoses : -Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA), myasthenia gravis, thyroid eye disease, chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia, internuclear ophthalmoplegia,skew deviation, parinaud syndrome, idiopathic orbital inflammatory syndrome. 4 Danger and referral: complete pupil involving/relative pupil involving CN3 palsy is an emergency and mass or aneurysm needs to be ruled out as it can be fatal. 4, Hence refer immediately to neurologist for CNS imaging.4 This also

PATELLOFEMORAL ARTICULATION The patellofemoral joint provides an integral articulating component of the extensor mechanism of the knee joint. ( 10 ) THE EXTENSOR MECHANISM : The extensor mechanism consists of the quadriceps muscle group and tendon, patella, patellar tendon, Hoffa’s fat pad, medial and lateral patellar retinacula, patellofemoral and patellotibial ligaments. ( 2 ) The patella is a large, flat, triangular sesamoid bone located anterior to the knee joint

therefore controlling joint kinematics. To a lesser degree, the ACL checks extension and hyperextension. The ACL is not as strong as the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), and it is less strong at its femoral origin than at its tibial insertion. Muscles surrounding the knee joint contribute to knee stabilization during lower extremity movements. Mechanism of injury Mechanisms of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury are numerous.These injuries plague both athletes and non athletes. ACL injury

for vocalisation and contains the receptors for the sense of smell UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM • The Nose – the external portion is made up of muscle, skin and cartilage and is lined with mucous membrane. The cartilage makes the nose flexible. The two openings to the exterior under the nose are external nares (nostrils). The internal portion is made up of muscle and mucous membrane and communicates through the internal nares to the paranasal sinuses (4 groups of air filled sacs that open into the internal

contractions of inspiratory muscles, such as the diaphragm, expiratory laryngeal muscles, chest wall, and abdominal muscles. Motoneurons innervating these muscles are located in the brainstem and spinal cord and are controlled by a network of neurons known as the cough pattern generator. The cough pattern generator receives information regarding the mechanical and chemical status of the airways from sensory afferents in the lungs and larynx with axons in the vagus and superior laryngeal nerves. When the

I. Fetal Pig Dissection II. Purpose Sus scrofa, or the domestic pig is a member of the class Mammalia and the order Artiodactyla. Since we as humans are also a member of class Mammalia, we have a good deal in common biologically with pigs, although we might not like to think so. Since we have a good deal in common, it is very helpful for us to study these animals both anatomically and physiologically. We do this when we test medicines on pigs, perfect surgical procedures on pigs, and even when

Instructor’s Manual for the Laboratory Manual to Accompany Hole’s Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology Eighth Edition Terry R. Martin Kishwaukee College Instructor’s Manual for the Laboratory Manual to Accompany Hole’s essentials of human anatomy and physiology, eighth edition David shier, jackie butler, and ricki lewis Published by McGraw-Hill Higher Education, an imprint

Gabriel Fallopius was one of the most noteworthy and respected Italian anatomists of the sixteenth century. He was known as many things during his life time. Although, to this day, he is well known for many of the great discoveries he encountered. During his lifetime of the 16th century, many people didn’t know much about the inside of today’s reproductive system, how they looked like, or what they were. Gabriel Fallopius inspired so many of his students to continue researching in the medical field

system the main differences between minks and humans are mostly the size and shape of each muscle. However, for example the temporalis differs in that it has different locations within the mink and human. In minks the temporalis is located on the dorsal side of the skull while, in humans it is located on the later side. Also the romboideus complex muscles differ in location as well. In humans these muscles are located in the upper section of

In this paper I will be researching ACL injuries in sports. Along with what causes these injuries to happen, how they can be prevent and if the footwear we use as athletes can make these injuries more or less likely to happen to us. I will also be looking closely into the reoccurring ACL injury in which Derrick Rose of the Chicago Bulls has been suffering from for the past few years. An ACL is the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) which is a ligament in the knee and is an essential internal stabilizer