Surface epithelial-stromal tumor

three common cell types in which, ovarian cancer is formed. Surface epithelium cells cover the outer lining of the ovaries and form epithelial tumors that can either be benign (noncancerous) or cancerous carcinomas. Epithelial tumors are the most common and most dangerous out of the 30 different types of ovarian cancer. (NOCC, Types of Ovarian Cancer, 2012, para. 2) Germ cells are destined to form the ova or eggs in which, germ cell tumors can form from these cells.

fragments of the female reproductive system to fuse together. The time of diagnosis, epithelial ovarian cancer are advanced-stage carcinomas (Nezhat, 2015). Ovarian cancer is common within the female population, with over 22,000 newly diagnosed cases in the United States and 14,000 cancer related deaths (Nezhat, 2015). Etiology and risk factors Ovarian cancer is associated with damage and restoration of the ovarian surface of the epithelium in response to follicle rupture (Nezhat, 2015). Inflammation

ovaries. Ovaries contain 3 cells: surface epithelium, germ cells, and stromal cells. The surface epithelium are what cover the outer lining of the ovaries. Germ cells are cells that are bound to form eggs. Stromal cells are cells that release hormones and connects many different structures of the ovaries. Each of the cells can develop into different types of tumors. In most cases of ovarian cancer the epithelial tumors is the most commonly found in ovarian tumors. When being diagnosed with ovarian

reproductive years. The reproductive years begin from the first menstrual period through the menopause. When an ovarian cell becomes cancerous, it will spread through the body rapidly. There are three types of ovarian cancer: Epithelial carcinoma, Germ cell tumor, and Stromal tumor. According to the American Cancer Society they have estimated about 21,290 women will receive the new diagnosis of ovarian cancer in United States and from them

Abstract The female reproductive system is one of the most vital to obtaining new life. It is important to keep healthy and get checkups that can help detect anything abnormal to be able to treat any cancer as soon as possible. Being able to find ovarian cancer at an early stage can make all the difference. Fortunately stage one of ovarian cancer has a very high survival rate. Ovaries are about four centimeters long and hold about one million eggs in each of the ovaries when a female

PLASTICITY OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL INTRODUCTION Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), also regarded as marrow stromal cells, are multipotent adult stem cells that are able to differentiate into limited mesodermal lineage and are able to self renew. MSCs possess characteristics that make them useful in regenerative medicine including, immunomodulation, secretion profile and homing characteristics. Depending on where they are used, these characteristics can have a positive and negative influence on the disease

D. W., & Titus-Ernstoff, L., 2002., p. 455-463). Ovarian cancer can be primary, secondary and metastatic. The malignant tumors, which primarily affect the ovary, are known as primary cancer. Secondary ovarian cancer (cystadenocarcinoma) occurs due to the benign or borderline tumors. Metastatic ovarian cancer (Krukenberg tumor) is a spreading of the primary tumor, which is often located in the gastro-intestinal tract, stomach, breast, thyroid or uterus. (Rossing, M. A., Tang, M. C., Flagg

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), represent tumor cells that contain a heterogeneous populace of cells, including apoptotic tumor and viable tumor cells that have shed into the vasculature or lymphatics from a primary or metastatic tumor and are carried around the body in the circulation by undergoing phenotypic changes that are accompanied by a process called as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) 64-68. Evidence now suggests that the tumors has ability to make their

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), represent tumor cells that contain a heterogeneous population of cells, including apoptotic tumor and viable tumor cells that have cast off into the circulation or lymphatic vessels from a primary or metastatic tumor and are transported around the body by undergoing phenotypic changes that are accompanied by a process called as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) [69-73]. Evidence now suggests that the tumors has ability to make their own blood vessels when they

age of 60 (Brain, 2014). The high mortality rate of ovarian cancer is caused by the lack of a screening techniques to detect it early on (Visintin et al, 2008). Epithelial ovarian cancer, borderline ovarian tumors, germ cell ovarian cancer, and stromal ovarian cancer are four types of ovarian cancer. There are various stages to ovarian