Taq polymerase

septicemia, diarrhea, and infections of the urinary tract, bones, and central nervous system (1). Strains that produced the enzyme extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AME) had their genes amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Aminoglycosides are antibacterial therapeutic agents used against Gram-negative bacteria. ESBLs are enzymes that are produced in some bacteria that can increase a bacteria’s resistance to antibiotics. Specifically, CTX-M

1. Primer Annealing – temperature is lowered so that primers attach to DNA strands 2. Extension – DNA polymerase (e.g. Taq) helps to make new DNA strands. The PCR cycle continues as DNA is copied exponentially. The original PCR methods allowed detection of DNA growth at the end of the process; however the introduction Real Time-PCR (RT-PCR) has allowed DNA amplification progress to be monitored throughout the assay (6). RT-PCR is often confused with reverse-transcriptase PCR (rt-PCR), however rt-PCR

far too long to culture, and since the patient will not be isolated or treated until a diagnosis from the culture is made, this gives the bacteria more chances of infecting another person and further compromising the patient’s condition. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a rapid, specific and sensitive molecular technique that will greatly improve patient care by providing a faster diagnosis. Although it does have a few downsides, the advantages it brings in the long run will far outweigh

Sex determination by amplification of Amelogenin gene from dental pulp tissue by PCR Abstract Introduction: Forensic odontology necessarily involves the application of dentistry along with various other branches of sciences to resolve criminal cases with legal issues. Sex determination is a part of forensic odontology and an en essential priority when traditional identification of the deceased becomes impossible due to certain mishaps, including natural calamities, acts of war and terrorism or criminal

HAEMOCHROMATOSIS DETECTION USING PCR-RFLP INTRODUCTION Hereditary Haemochromatosis (HH), first described in 1865, is a genetic disorder of metabolism, characterized by progressive iron overload resulting from abnormalities in intestinal iron absorption and or release of iron from reticuloendothelial cells . It is an autosomal recessive disorder, where the body accumulates excessive iron, which is deposited in a variety of organs. Iron cannot be excreted, thus, the excess builds to toxic levels

The catalytic subunit-Polα Polymerase α is the first mammalian polymerase detected. It is a member of the B-family of replicative DNA polymerases. Its primary role is to further extend the RNA primer by addition of deoxy-nucleotides (dNTPs) into a total of 20-25 nucleotides of RNA-DNA primer. Generally, replicative DNA polymerases, polymerize dNTPs by catalyzing nucleophilic attack of the 3’-hydroxyl group of the primer onto the α-phosphate of an incoming dNTP aligned to the template strand. The

The first X-SCID gene therapy trial used a moloney murine viral vector with the c transgene in two patients with X-SCID. One patient had a missense mutation in IL2RG which resulted in a receptor in the cellular membrane but without a cytoplasmic tail and therefore not functional. The other patient had a frameshift IL2RG mutation which deleted exon 6 and resulted in a truncated receptor that was not expressed on the membrane. Their CD34+ T cells were removed and transfected for three days, at which

Singee Nguyen Transformation and Electrophoresis Lab Report Purposes Discuss the principles of bacterial transformation. Describe how to prepare competent E. coli cells. Discuss the mechanisms of gene transfer using plasmid vectors. Discuss the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes and tell how to select positively for transformed cells that are antibiotic resistant. Discuss the mechanisms of action for restriction endonucleases. Discuss how a plasmid can be engineered to include a piece of foreign

The major research questions addressed in the presentation consisted of: why to study microbes? , What are the basics of gene expression? , What’s special about riboswitches? The major hypotheses that were explored during the presentation were “S box” represses genes involved in the synthesis of methionine and SAM in response to the high SAM concentration; and the low SAM results in the readthrough of the termination site. Also “How can gene expression be regulated” and under what conditions/processes

DNA Polymerase III ( Pol III) has its own structure in ensuring the replication of bacterial DNA occurs efficiently and accurately. The aim of this essay is to explain the structures of DNA Pol III, the high processivity of the enzyme and the exonuclease (proofreading) activity of the enzyme. High processivity and exonuclease activity of DNA Pol III are the key factors in making certain the DNA to be replicated in efficient and accurate manner, respectively. One of the properties which gives the