the cerebral cortex essay

Q1: The cerebral cortex is a highly organized, six layered structure (L1-6) with a variety of excitatory and inhibitory cell types. Excitatory (glutamatergic) neurons make up 80% of the cortex and consist of pyramidal and spiny stellate (granule) neurons. Inhibitory (GABAergic) neurons make up only 20% of the cortex and consist of four different subtypes: non-fast spiking serotonin expressing GABAergic neurons, martinotti cells, basket cells, and chandelier cells (Petersen & Crochet, 2013; Shipp

The cerebral cortex is a vital component of the brain, and is responsible for bodily functions that would be difficult to live without. To have a more suitable expertise of the cerebral cortex scientist divided the brain into for lobes contingent to the purpose of what each lobe is responsible for. Each lobe of the cerebral cortex plays an essential role in humans every day life. If one of the lobes were absent being successful at the University of Oklahoma would be difficult if not unviable.

The Four Lobes of the Cerebral Cortex The human brain is very complex and is constantly being studied. Scientists have named different portions of the brain and try to understand what the different areas control. The Cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and contains most of the body’s voluntary functions. (ChalkSMART, 2012) The Cerebrum contains four lobes, the occipital lobe, the parietal lobe, the temporal lobe, and the frontal lobe. The lobes are named for the skull bones they correlate

of the various cerebral cortex regions? b. To what extent can a damaged brain reorganize itself, and what is neurogenesis c. What do split brains reveal about the functions of our two brain hemispheres? d. What does research tell us about being left-handed? Is it advantageous to be right-handed? 2. Outline a. The cerebral cortex i. Older brain networks endure simple life roles and enable memory, emotions and basic drives. ii. The cerebral hemisphere come as a duos iii. Cerebral cortex: a thin surface

During the development of the human brain, the layers of the cerebral cortex are formed by migrating neurons which come from specialized proliferating regions lying deep in the brain. This neural migration comprises neurons moving as far as one thousand times their own body lengths before they arrive at their destination. During this developmental process, the cortex is divided into six organized layers. In Lissencephaly, this organized cortical layering is disrupted and instead forms four unorganized

structure of two halves, with the vertebrate brain, situated between the cerebral cortex and the midbrain. The functions of the thalamus is to relay the sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex and the midbrain, and the regulation of consciousness, sleep, and alertness. The thalamus is located in the forebrain superior to the midbrain, near the center of the brain, with nerve fibers projecting into the cerebral cortex in all directions of the brain. The surface of the thalamus constitutes

development are as follows: frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital (Carter, 208). “In some classifications, the forward part of the frontal lobe is separated by the prefrontal lobe” (Carter, 66). The prefrontal lobe is known as the prefrontal cortex (Carter,

has an act our memory, attention, and numerous other cognitive skills. There are many parts of the brain that not everyone knows about. Now, in alphabetical order, for example, the first is amygdala it is an almond-shaped mass of gray matter inside cerebral hemisphere, this is involved with emotions. Auditory text, is where the brain processes information that is received from hearing. Broca’s area, a section in the frontal lobe of the dominant hemisphere which is usually on the left of the hominid

interesting and informative, but by the end it has raised many more questions than it has answered. I would agree with her ending conclusion; that our primary advantage over other animals stems from the higher concentration of neurons in our cerebral cortex, and that this advantage was made possible by the advent of cooked food over raw food as our source of calorie intake. Within this paper I hope to not only share what I have learned and my own reflections on this lecture, but to also begin to

Understanding the brain’s physical operation is essential to frame the relationship between brain and mind. The brain functions as a result of many complex processes; however, Jeeves and Brown narrow the brain’s activity into eight critical principles. These principles provide a background necessary to deduce insightful information from neuroscience’s current research of the correlation between our mental lives and brain systems. The first principle describes the PNS and CNS as action loops. An