Tissue plasminogen activator

factors underlying tumorgenesis, invasion and metastasis. In this study, we identified Bmi-1, S100A4 and claudin-1 as important players in breast cancer progression. The current study illustrated the expression of these markers in primary breast cancer tissues, followed by demonstrating the association between their expressions and clinicopathological features and finally addressed their role in breast cancer prognosis. Regarding Bmi-1, in our study it was expressed in 58% of breast cancer cases; nearby

Stroke, also known as cerebrovascular accident (CVA), is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States today. In any given year, approximately 800,000 Americans will suffer a stroke, with nearly 25% dying acutely or from subsequent complications over the following 12 months. This article will describe the pathogenesis of the major types of stroke and briefly discuss some treatment options. Thromboembolic Strokes 85% of strokes result from a thrombus, or blood clot, blocking the

rupture followed by thrombus formation at the site as the precipitating event. 4. What is the rationale for using thrombolytics in the management of STEMI? It binds to the fibrin of fresh clots and the resulting compound converts adjacent plasminogen into

Treatment Modalities Hospital-based studies have been inconclusive as to ascertaining whether or not sex-dependent differences exist in the use of certain treatments. More convincing is the evidence that has been found regarding sex-dependent treatment effectiveness in women and men. With respect to frequency of use, women have been found to be less likely to get brain imaging, Doppler examination, echocardiograms, and angiography than age-adjusted men. Another study found similar discrepancies in

Introduction: Extra-hepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO), i.e., in the absence of liver cirrhosis or abdominal cancer, is a rare manifestation of venous thrombosis that often leads to portal hypertension1.After prothrombin, factor V, next most common cause of thrombophilia is high plasma levels of coagulation factor VIII, which are present in approximately 20% of patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower limbs and increase the risk of the disease in a dose-dependent

The history of stroke first started with Hippocrates, the father of medicine, who was the first to identify stroke 2,400 years ago, during that decade stroke was known as “apoplexy” meaning in Greek “struck down by violence”. This was due to the fact that a person developed sudden paralysis and change in well-being. This term continued until the mid-1660’s when Jacob Wepfer realized that apoplexy is due to either bleeding within the brain or blockage inside one the brain veins. The transformation

Stroke Stroke or brain attack is a condition in which a Registered Nurse (RN) in the emergency room needs to act FAST. This means assessing the face for drooping, arms for drifting downward, and speech to see if it is slurry or strange. Time of onset is very important for the medical treatment which needs to be given within three hours of onset. These patients have a narrow time window for blood flow restoration to the brain that is insulted or impeded by a clot, resulting in an ischemic stroke

to go to the emergency room at Christus St. Vincent to run further tests. Upon further test, it revealed that Mr. Castillo had a deep vein thrombosis, DVT, in his right leg causing an arterial occlusion. It was then that the MD ordered tissue plasminogen activator, tPa, therapy (Garcia,

10) A 50-years-old man presents to the emergency department, in a rural area’s district hospital, with a history of central crushing chest pain radiating to the jaw, dyspnea and cold sweating for 4 hours. He has no significant past medical or recent surgical history. He has a blood pressure of 150/90 mmHg and a heart rate of 64 beats/min. His EKG at the time of admission is shown below: What is the most appropriate treatment for this patient, if the tertiary care hospital is approximately 4

In 1981, a spirochetal bacterium was discovered in a nymphal tick, Ixodes scapularis and named Borrelia burgdorferi. This species has now been divided into multiple species, three of which cause human infection. Agents belonging to the eubacterial phylum of spirochetes, which are bacteria shaped like corkscrews and are actively motile, cause Lyme borrelioses, also called Lyme disease. As discovered from its sequenced genome, B. burgdorferi depends entirely on its host for nutrients. Another unique