Toluene

The main objective in crystallization is to produce a pure substance. A chemist is able to achieve this by isolating the pure form from the impure form, using methods of dissolving, cooling/crystallizing, and filtration. It is also important to select the best solvent to crystallize the material; the best solvent shows the desired solubility behavior (Pavia et al 26). These techniques were used to produce the pure forms of sulfanilamide and fluorene. After the filtration step in the first experiment

Risk Assessment 1. Naphthalene is a white organic solid compound with a distinctive odor (ATSDR, 2005). Numerous results from the animal studies showed that naphthalene is potentially considered to be a human carcinogen. The studied indicated the fast absorption of naphthalene by inhalation, oral and dermal administration (22-73%; up to 84%; 50% respectively) (Preuss et al., 2003). Distribution of naphthalene occurs at fairly rapid rate without significant accumulation in body tissues (Preuss et

This experiment examines the solubility characteristics of organic and inorganic species. The specific substance being tested first, is the organic compound benzoic acid. The objective of the first set trials is to acquire data which can be used to determine the best solvent for the recrystallization of benzoic acid. Next, potassium permanganate, an inorganic salt, will be dissolved in a variety of organic solvents, with the aid of phase transfer agents. First, the solubility of benzoic acid was

Solubility is the property of a chemical substance, in any state, to dissolve within an adequate solvent. Many chemical experiments in the lab will contain a solute in a solvent, therefore important to know the exact reactions that will ensue. Symmetry and polarity play crucial roles in the occurrence of solubility. A primary rule of “like dissolves like”, describes how molecules with the same symmetry are more likely to be soluble with each other. The same rule can be attributed to the tendencies

In this experiment the following materials were used: spatula, glass stir rod, small test tube and rack, six large test tubes, 10mL graduated cylinder, grease marker, 100 mL beaker(s), glass jar with lid, Sharpie marker, pipettes with bulb, two 2 dram vials with black lids, funnel, 50-100 mL graduated cylinder, filter paper, hotplate, 400-600mL beaker and ice, watch glass and ½ of a glass petri dish. In addition, the organic compound, benzoic acid, the inorganic compound, iron sulfate, and all chemicals

“ON WATER” REACTIONS: A NEW APPROACH FOR ORGANIC SYNTHESIS Technically, water is considered as the universal solvent in Nature. However, the prevalent notion among today’s chemists is that water is often forgotten in organic synthesis; many considerations are taken in the process of selecting solvents, reagents, and conditions which are water-free. In addition to the obvious problem that concerns about the surrounding water-sensitive reactants, the main problem is solubility which is the requirement

Nitration of Methyl Benzoate Abstract: This procedure demonstrates the nitration of methyl benzoate to prepare methyl m-nitrobenzoate. Methyl benzoate was treated with concentrated Nitric and Sulfuric acid to yield methyl m-nitrobenzoate. The product was then isolated and recrystallized using methanol. This reaction is an example of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, in which the nitro group replaces a proton of the aromatic ring. Following recrystallization, melting point and infrared

Experiment #1 Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenze Name: Anouk Deck-Leger Student I.D: 9380868 Date performed: September 13th, 2010 Due Date: September 20th, 2010 Introduction: The company DNCB produces large amounts of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene and they sell this product to treat against warts and severe and chronic hair loss. It can also be used as an alternative treatment for HIV. The supervisor notices an excess amount of m-aminobenzoic acid stored away which

Inhalants This video talked over the classification of drugs known to America as inhalants. According to the video Inhalants are known to be nitrous oxide solvents, aerosols, and nitrites. Inhalants can be found and obtained very easily in your local grocery stores, hardware stores and local pharmacies. Because of their easy accessibility to be found in kitchen and bathroom cabinets, much of its use is among adolescents. Individuals that consume inhalants normally breathe in the fumes through their

NITRATION OF METHYL BENZOATE Bachelor of Science in Human Biology College of Science, De La Salle University - Dasmariñas ABSTRACT ___________________________________________________________________________________ Aromatic hydrocarbons are electron rich and are stable because it has a benzene ring. It undergoes Electrophilic aromatic substitution, and the nitration of methyl benzoate illustrates this type of reaction. The objective of this experiment is to synthesize methyl m-nitrobenzoate