Valvular heart disease

Aortic Stenosis is recognised as the most prevalent form of valvular heart disease in the ageing population. Increasing life expectancy has resulted in a significant increase in the number of older patients being referred for consideration of an aortic valve replacement. Although surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR), or open heart surgery, remains the best type of treatment for symptomatic severe aortic stenosis, other treatment options include: Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI);

According to the American Heart Association, about 5 million Americans have been diagnosed with valvular heart disease every year. What is valvular heart disease? Heart valve disease occurs when the heart is not suitable for valve sports. How do heart valves work? Your heart is located in the valve at each of the four chambers and maintains unidirectional blood flow through your heart. To ensure four hearts, the free flow of blood is always in the direction of the valve, and there are no leaks

Valvular heart disease is when a valve is damaged or has a defect in one of the four valves in the heart. There are four types of valves you have the mitral, aortic, tricuspid, and pulmonary. All of theses valves have significant jobs of moving blood through the heart to get to the rest of the body. Now the mitral valve and the tricuspid valve are used to control the blood between the atria and the ventricles which is the upper and lower chambers of the heart. Also the valves that are frequently

GUIDELINES: The ACC/AHA guidelines on valvular heart disease 2014 classified all VHD including MR into four stages-A(at risk),B(progressive),C(asymptomatic severe) and D(symptomatic severe).Stage C is again divided into C1-compensated and C2 –decompensated.The frequency of echocardiography for asymptomatic patients with normal LV function is outlined.Stage B patients of MR should undergo echo every 3 to 5 years if mild and 1-2 years if moderate severity.In Stage C patients,the recommended frequency

patients with valvular disease incorporates a number of nursing diagnoses. Nursing management interventions mainly focus on achieving adequate cardiac output, maintaining fluid balance and education on the patient and the family members. Cardiac output Patients suffering from cardiac valvular disease have low cardiac output. It occurs due to decrease in the forward flow of blood through a stenotic valve, bidirectional flow of blood across the already incompetent valves or any associated heart failure

Valvular heart symptoms- when the heart valves are damaged by different conditions that might as a result of narrowing (Stenosis), leaking (regurgitation or insufficiency) or improper closing (prolapse). Symptoms will be varies depending on the heart values that got damaged, one might be feeling fatigue, chest pain, irregular heartbeat, and fainting (syncope). Heart Infections- The heart can be infected by certain diseases like (Pericarditis) which affects the tissue surrounding the heart, (Myocarditis)

DISCUSSION The present findings of this systematic review of first 33 published cases of complete percutaneous treatment in patients presenting with severe aortic disease and concomitant significant mitral valve regurgitation show the feasibility, safety and potential clinical efficacy in high-risk or inoperable patients. Clinical experience with TAVI and MitraClip procedure began in 2002 (Cribier) and 2004 respectively. Until recently, both procedures has widely demonstrated good procedural success

Heart valves are tissue paper thin membranes attached to the heart wall that constantly open and close to regulate blood flow. The heart has 4 valves: Mitral and tricuspid valve, which control blood flow from the atria to the ventricles and aortic and pulmonary valve, which control blood flow out of the ventricles. A normal, healthy heart valve minimizes any obstruction and allows blood to flow smoothly and freely in one direction. It closes completely and quickly, not allowing any blood to flow

post-operative complications noted with TAVR are malpositioning, valve migration or embolization, conversion to open surgery and need for pacemaker implantation.60 VARC also proposed some clinical benefit endpoints: exercise performance, assessment of New York Heart Association ( NYHA) functional status, and various quality of life and frailty questionnaires. VARC recommended using CPK-MB as a periprocedural marker for myocardial infarction and required >20% increase with the second sample with elevation of a

Aortic stenosis (AS) is one of the most common valvular heart diseases in developing countries, with a prevalence of 3.4%.1 Without surgical intervention, historical mortality rates approach 50% at 2 years after symptoms appear.2 Since its first use in humans by Cribier 15 years ago, transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has rapidly become the standard of care for patients with severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis. 3 The PARTNER trial was a revolutionary study starting in 2007 which sought