William Stewart Halsted

Dr. William Halsted was pivotal in perfecting surgical procedures and techniques that are still in use in modern times, regardless that they were created over 100 years ago. In the late nineteenth century, Halsted improved sanitary conditions in his residing hospitals in both New York and Baltimore, invented revolutionary surgical procedures, anesthetic practices, and created aseptic techniques to combat the frequency of infections and diseases that occurred post-surgery (William Stewart Halsted

A lumpectomy is a surgical procedure to remove tumors from the breast. It is typically performed under general anesthesia. First, the tumor is located using a mammogram or ultrasound and then the incision area is marked using a felt tip marker. The procedure typically takes about 15-40 minutes long. The surgeon uses an electrocautery knife, which is an electric scalpel that uses heat to minimize bleeding, to make incisions. The incisions are curved and made to follow the natural curve of the breast

The Emperor of All Maladies (A biography of cancer), written by Siddhartha Mukherjee Introduction “The Emperor of All Maladies” captured the whole essence of cancer. This book gave a very good narrative of the historical record of cancer, the scientists and important public figures who contributed to the fight against a disease that has so much caused despair, pain, disfiguring of the body and worst of all, death. Cancer is seen as the abnormal growth of cells. A normal cell becomes cancerous when

Breast cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the tissue of the breast and spread to the surrounding area of the breast. This cancer most normally begins from the inner lobules of the breast, which are called the ducts and is better known as the part of the breast that makes milk. After a woman develops cancer, she is tested to determine what type of cancer she has and which treatment is best for her. Some treatments for cancer are surgery, hormonal therapy, immunotherapy and radiation. In the

Breast cancer isn’t a death sentence as it was before. Women used to fear being diagnosed with this disease because there was no cure for it. Breast cancer has been around for centuries, but the advancement of medicine has increased the chances of survival, and in the future the improvements will be even greater. The first mention of breast cancer was documented in Egypt in 1600 B.C. It was considered a mysterious disease with no cure to it. In The Edwin Smith Papyrus, there are eight cases of tumors

Mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) became the standard of care for elective colorectal surgery once its association with decreased anastomotic dehiscence, surgical site infections (SSI)1, and overall reduced morbidity and mortality emerged2. Originally, the guidelines and recommendations for MBP were based on expert opinion and theory rather than randomized controlled trials (RCTs).3 When researchers began testing the theory in large randomized controlled studies, the results challenged the benefits

Introduction The origin of the word cancer is credited to the Greek physician Hippocrates, who is considered to be the Father of Medicine. One out of every two men and one out of every three women will be diagnosed with cancer, but despite those huge numbers most individuals does not know what that really means. Cancer is when abnormal cells divide in an uncontrolled way and develops when the body’s normal control mechanism stops working. Cancer cells are different than normal cells in many ways