Zemstvo

In this essay I will be comparing and contrasting the different reforms implemented by both Alexander II and Alexander III. Also looking at how it effected Russia in general After the Crimean war Russia had suffered a devastating defeat, Alexander II decided that there had to be change in his country in order to make Russia successful again. Alexander II was also known as “the Liberator", this was mainly due towards his reform on emancipation towards the serfs. 40 million serfs were freed in 1861

To what justification has Alexander II become known as ‘the Great Reformer’? Russia in the 19th century was, as we now know, a fatally flawed system. An autocracy that would not last beyond the early 20th century and there surrounds a controversy and paradox in one of the last Tsars, Alexander II, who has many titles imparted upon him, for example ‘The Tsar Liberator’ or ‘The Great Reformer’; the later draws links to ‘Peter the Great’. Titles like these are cause of such controversy are not based

Land Bank” was created to buy land from the lords and all the children from the lower-class were banned from secondary education. The Tsar, by a new statute in 1890, gave to the provincial governors ‘supervision over the correctness and legality of zemstvo institutions’. The reforms of the government are connected to the abolition of the serfdom. Russia was an under governed society, having many fewer civil servants than Britain. It was essential that local people, therefore, filled administrative roles

There were many efforts for reform in the Austrian Empire, Russia, and Great Britain between 1850 and 1870. In the Austrian Empire, Ausgleich created the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary. Each state was granted its own constitution, legislature and governmental machinery for domestic affairs. A single monarch was also established to hold the two states together. The Ausgleich was only successful in allowing the German speaking Austrians and Hungarians to dominate minority groups such as the Slavic

formation of the zemstvos. Since Russia was very large there wasn’t much control away from the capital, and with the all newly freed serfs the rules and authority had to be stricter . So, Alexander developed the zemstvo which were implemented within each province and district. This reform took care of the newly freed serfs by providing for their basic needs. Which helped the freed serfs with their basic needs ranging from health to education. Before the creation of the zemstvos the entire judicial

fall of Czar Nicholas II. The next major event that occurred in 1905 was the mutiny on the Russian battleship Potemkin. The sailors on the ship were already leading a life of servitude, backbreaking work and little if much food to eat. On June 27, 1905 the enlisted men not willing to be abused anymore and after being served maggot invested rancid meat mutinied against the officers of the ship. After taking control of the ship the men would pilot the ship for eleven days as they sailed from port

shows the importance that theories concerning the dynamic relationship between the tsar and other elements of society now hold in academia. The reforms, he argues, fell flat in transforming Russian society, but did have positive effects through the zemstvo social programs, judicial reforms, and economic results. This is a pattern of historical analysis continues today. The dynamic relationship of the enlightened bureaucrats and the reforming tsar is one of the most important elements in the modern discussion

How significant was war in bringing about political change in Russia in the year 1856-1964? War had a huge political impact on Russia from 1856 to 1964, but it was not the only factor that brought about political change. Political change was influenced by many aspects. A big part of what brought about political change was the different wars that took place which included; The Crimean war of 1853, The Russo-Japanese war of 1904 and lastly the First World War that began in 1914. These Wars were all

The First World War became the Tsars worst nightmare. Russia joined the war in many ways to keep peoples minds of Russia’s backwardness and badly run government, and onto the war effort itself. But within the first year of the war people’s minds began to wander away from troop moral and toward the Tsar and his control. From the go Russia was mobilized and war ready faster than the Germans and themselves expected, they was only expecting a short war. Russia had no extended war plans of ammo, food

policies was conservatism, a retainment of power in the tsar. Alexander II’s reforms essentially tossed breadcrumbs to those hungry for change while keeping true power vested in the autocracy. Additionally, the problems faced by the oft disregarded zemstvos and dumas, as well as the inequality among serfs compounded by lopsided abolition policies stoked discontent among Russians and built up resentment against the autocracy. Alexander II’s response to Russia’s social and economic problems attempted