Sahil's Ecn -2
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School
York University *
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Course
5225
Subject
Political Science
Date
Feb 20, 2024
Type
Pages
2
Uploaded by avantikakukreja
1)
What is meant by “low-hanging fruit for global public health?
In terms of global public health, "low-hanging fruit" refers to strategies that are often
affordable and effective in preventing many common health problems. This low-hanging
fruit promises to boost well-being and save many lives. These are low-cost,
straightforward techniques that, when used correctly, can potentially save significant
resources.
2)
Why aren’t these low-hanging fruit more widely adopted?
The government health professionals are more to blame for the lack of
widespread adoption of low-hanging fruit since they claim that picking those
fruits is much tougher than it appears.
3)
What does the relationship between price and take-up look like for these
health goods?
Many health products, such as bleach or ORS, are essentially the low-hanging
fruit, but people don't want to spend money on them; instead, they would rather
spend money on antibiotics or surgery, which are not always necessary.
4)
What are the implications for policy from the analysis in the chapter?
The analysis in this chapter has policy implications because it shows that while we rarely
need to use our limited reserves of self-discipline and assertiveness, the poor do. We
should be aware that nobody is intelligent, patient, or knowledgeable enough to be
entirely in charge of making the best choices for their own health. The main objective of
health care policy in developing nations should be to make it as simple as possible for the
poor to access preventive care while at the same time regulating the standard of care that
people can receive. This event is because people who live in wealthy countries are
surrounded by invisible nudges.
Chapter 4
1)
What is meant by "inclusive" and "extractive" political and economic
institutions and what are some examples of each?
Property rights, peace and order, market functioning, openness to new business,
compliance with contracts, evaluation of education and opportunity are all by a strong
state and a wide distribution of authority in society. Property rights, law and order,
working markets, openness to new types of business, recognizing laws and assessing
opportunities for education are all important. Political decisions made under an inclusive
political system lead to an inclusive economic system. While inclusive leaders want to
help their people, extractive economic institutions "are built to extract revenues and
riches from one subset of society to benefit a different subset. Financial gain." Political
institutions that promote inclusion also encourage inclusive economic organizations.
2)
Why don't poor countries adopt "good" institutions?
As a result of extractive political institutions, poor countries have extractive economic
institutions. Countries with highly concentrated power or weak, inefficient governments
often have extractive economic regimes.
3)
Why is a strong state necessary for inclusive political institutions? What are
some examples?
Because strong states have the ability and motivation to enforce laws and regulations as
well as significantly more widely distributed political power, strong states are required to
have inclusive political institutions. For instance, because it has more inclusive political
institutions, the United States has more inclusive economic institutions than Mexico.
4)
How or when do institutions change or persist?
Theoretically, politics is what drives economics, and changes in political institutions,
generally brought about by groups of people who are excluded by extractive political
institutions, are what cause changes in economic institutions. Economic institutions will
inevitably follow these as they start to become more inclusive.
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