1. Firms 1 and 2 compete in a Cournot duopoly. If firm 2 adopts a strategy that raises firm 1's marginal cost, Multiple Choice a)firm 1 will reduce its output. b)firm 2 will gain market share. c)firm 2 will enjoy higher profits. d)firm 1 will reduce its output and firm 2 will gain market share and enjoy higher profits..
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Economics
1. Firms 1 and 2 compete in a Cournot duopoly. If firm 2 adopts a strategy that raises firm 1's marginal cost,
Multiple Choice
a)firm 1 will reduce its output.
b)firm 2 will gain market share.
c)firm 2 will enjoy higher profits.
d)firm 1 will reduce its output and firm 2 will gain market share and enjoy higher profits..
2. Firms 1 and 2 compete in a Cournot duopoly. If firm 2 adopts a strategy that raises firm 1's marginal cost,
Multiple Choice
a)firm 1 will increase its output.
b)firm 2 will lose market share.
c)firm 1 will enjoy higher profits.
d)firm 1 will not increase its output nor enjoy higher profits nor will firm 2 lose market share.
**Yes, these are two different questions. Please answer asap. Thank you!**
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- 2. Firms 1 and 2 compete in a Cournot duopoly. If firm 2 adopts a strategy that raises firm 1's marginal cost, Multiple Choice a)firm 1 will increase its output. b)firm 2 will lose market share. c)firm 1 will enjoy higher profits. d)firm 1 will not increase its output nor enjoy higher profits nor will firm 2 lose market share.8. To advertise or not to advertise Suppose that Creamland and Dairy King are the only two firms that sell ice cream. The following payoff matrix shows the profit (in millions of dollars) each company will earn depending on whether or not it advertises: Creamland Dairy King Advertises Doesn't Advertise 9,9 Doesn't Advertise 3, 15 Advertises 15, 3 11, 11 For example, the upper-right cell shows that, if Creamland advertises and Dairy King doesn't advertise, Creamland will make a profit of $15 million, and Dairy King will make a profit of $3 million. Assume this is a simultaneous game and that Creamland and Dairy King are both profit-maximizing firms. If Creamland decides to advertise, it will earn a profit of $ not advertise. If Creamland decides not to advertise, it will earn a profit of $ does not advertise. million if Dairy King advertises and a profit of $ If Dairy King advertises, Creamland makes a higher profit if it chooses million if Dairy King advertises and a profit of $…(Collusive Duopoly Model) There are two firmsproducing widgets. It costs the first firm q1 dollars to produceq1 widgets and the second firm 0.5q2 2 dollars to produce q2widgets. If a total of q widgets are produced, consumerswill pay $200 q for each widget. If the two manufacturerswant to collude in an attempt to maximize the sum of theirprofits, how many widgets should each company produce?
- 8. Collusive outcome versus Nash equilibrium Suppose there is a remote stretch of highway along which two restaurants, Last Chance Café and Desolate Diner, operate in a duopoly. Neither restaurant invests in keeping up with health code regulations, but regardless they both have customers as they are the only dining options along a 79- mile portion of the road. Both restaurants know that if they clean up and comply with health codes they will attract more customers, but this also means that they will have to pay workers to do the cleaning. If neither restaurant cleans, each will earn $11,000; alternatively, if they both hire workers to clean, each will earn only $8,000. However, if one cleans and the other doesn't, more customers will choose the cleaner restaurant; the cleaner restaurant will make $15,000, and the other restaurant will make only $3,000. Complete the following payoff matrix using the information just given. (Note: Last Chance Café and Desolate Diner are both…8. Solving for dominant strategies and the Nash equilibrium Suppose Tim and Alyssa are playing a game in which both must simultaneously choose the action Left or Right. The payoff matrix that follows shows the payoff each person will earn as a function of both of their choices. For example, the lower-right cell shows that if Tim chooses Right and Alyssa chooses Right, Tim will receive a payoff of 3 and Alyssa will receive a payoff of 6. Tim Left Left 5, 6 Right 4, 2 Alyssa Right 5,5 3,6 The only dominant strategy in this game is for to choose The outcome reflecting the unique Nash equilibrium in this game is as follows: Tim chooses and Alyssa chooses5. To advertise or not to advertise Suppose that two firms, Hatte Latte and Bean Bruuer, are the only sellers of espresso in some hypothetical market. The following payoff matrix gives the profit (in millions of dollars) earned by each company depending on whether or not it chooses to advertise: Hatte Latte Advertise Doesn't Advertise Advertise 10, 10 Bean Bruuer 2,18 Doesn't Advertise 18, 2 11, 11 For example, the lower left cell of the matrix shows that if Bean Bruuer advertises and Hatte Latte does not advertise, Bean Bruuer will make a profit of $18 million, and Hatte Latte will make a profit of $2 million. Assume this is a simultaneous game and that Hatte Latte and Bean Bruuer are both profit-maximizing firms. If Hatte Latte chooses to advertise, it will earn a profit of $ does not advertise. If Hatte Latte chooses not to advertise, it will earn a profit of $ Bruuer does not advertise. million if Bean Bruuer advertises and a profit of $ million if Bean Bruuer advertises and a…
- 8. Collusive outcome versus Nash equilibrium Consider a remote town in which two restaurants, All-You-Can-Eat Café and GoodGrub Diner, operate in a duopoly. Both restaurants disregard health and safety regulations, but they continue to have customers because they are the only restaurants within 80 miles of town. Both restaurants know that if they clean up, they will attract more customers, but this also means that they will have to pay workers to do the cleaning. If neither restaurant cleans, each will earn $11,000; alternatively, if they both hire workers to clean, each will earn only $8,000. However, if one cleans and the other doesn't, more customers will choose the cleaner restaurant; the cleaner restaurant will make $16,000, and the other restaurant will make only $4,000. Complete the following payoff matrix using the information just given. (Note: All-You-Can-Eat Café and GoodGrub Diner are both profit-maximizing firms.) GoodGrub Diner Cleans Up Doesn't Clean Up Cleans Up 24 24…8. Collusive outcome versus Nash equilibrium Consider a remote town in which two restaurants, All-You-Can-Eat Café and GoodGrub Diner, operate in a duopoly. Both restaurants disregard health and safety regulations, but they continue to have customers because they are the only restaurants within 80 miles of town. Both restaurants know that if they clean up, they will attract more customers, but this also means that they will have to pay workers to do the cleaning. If neither restaurant cleans, each will earn $12,000; alternatively, if they both hire workers to clean, each will earn only $9,000. However, if one cleans and the other doesn't, more customers will choose the cleaner restaurant; the cleaner restaurant will make $16,000, and the other restaurant will make only $4,000.8. Collusive outcome versus Nash equilibrium Consider a remote town in which two restaurants, All-You-Can-Eat Café and GoodGrub Diner, operate in a duopoly. Both restaurants disregard health and safety regulations, but they continue to have customers because they are the only restaurants within 80 miles of town. Both restaurants know that if they clean up, they will attract more customers, but this also means that they will have to pay workers to do the cleaning. If neither restaurant cleans, each will earn $14,000; alternatively, if they both hire workers to clean, each will earn only $11,000. However, if one cleans and the other doesn't, more customers will choose the cleaner restaurant; the cleaner restaurant will make $18,000, and the other restaurant will make only $6,000. Complete the following payoff matrix using the information just given. (Note: All-You-Can-Eat Café and GoodGrub Diner are both profit-maximizing firms.) E GoodGrub Diner Cleans Up Doesn't Clean Up Cleans Up 2$…
- Dizz Cut price Maintain price Perlis Cut price (-1,-1) A (2,-2) B Maintain price (-2,2) (1,1) D Figure 12 Payoff matrix for two firms in oligopoly Two firms, Perlis and Dizz, produce washing powder in a market characterised by oligopoly. Each firm can increase its market share and profits by cutting its price relative to its rival. However if both firms cut prices they both suffer a fall in profit. This situation may be characterised as a game and Figure 12 shows the payoff matrix for this game. Figure 12 also labels each cell in the payoff matrix with a letter, A, B, C or D. Based on the information in the payoff matrix, decide which cells, if any, correspond to a Nash equilibrium. Select one answer. Select one: O There is no Nash equilibrium O D O A O A and D4. Game theory: An example of the prisoner's dilemma in the real world is when two competitors are battling it out in the marketplace. Often, many sectors of the economy have two main rivals. There can be rivalry such as between du and Etisalat in Telecommunications services, Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola in soft drinks. Suppose du plans to cut its price. Etisalat will likely follow suit to retain its market share. This may end up with low profits for both companies. A price drop by either company may thus be construed as defecting since it breaks an implicit agreement to keep prices high and maximize profits. Thus, if du drops its price but Etisalat continues to keep prices high, du is defecting, while Etisalat is cooperating (by sticking to the spirit of the implicit agreement). In this scenario, du may win market share and earn incremental profits by selling more. Assume that the incremental profits that accrue to du and Etisalat are as follows: o If both keep prices high (Cooperate),…1. One-Shot, Pricing Game. You are a pricing manager at Argyle Inc.-a medium-sized firm that recently introduced a new product into the market. Argyle's only competitor is Baker Company, which is significantly smaller than Argyle. The management of Argyle has decided to pursue a short-term strategy of maximizing this quarter's revenues, and you are in-charge of formulating a strategy that will permit the firm to do so. After talking with an employee who was recently hired from the Baker Company, you are confident that a) Baker is constrained to charge $10 or $20 for its product, b) Baker's goal is to maximize this quarter's profit, and c) Baker's relevant unit costs are identical to yours. You have been authorized to price the product at two possible levels ($5 or $10) and know that your relevant costs are $2 per unit. The marketing department has provided the following information about the expected number of units sold (in millions) this quarter at various prices to help you…