2. The following figure represents the primary transcript of a typical eukaryotic protein-coding gene: bp: Exon 1 120 Intron 1 75 Exon 2 60 Intron 2 70 Exon 3 30 Poly (A) a. What is the size in bases of the fully processed, mature mRNA? Assume a poly (A) tail of 200 adenine residues in your calculations. b. This primary transcript is responsible for the production of a 50 amino acid protein in the liver and a 60 amino acid protein in the brain. Explain how this is possible.

2. The following figure represents the primary transcript of a typical eukaryotic protein-coding gene: bp: Exon 1 120 Intron 1 75 Exon 2 60 Intron 2 70 Exon 3 30 Poly (A) a. What is the size in bases of the fully processed, mature mRNA? Assume a poly (A) tail of 200 adenine residues in your calculations. b. This primary transcript is responsible for the production of a 50 amino acid protein in the liver and a 60 amino acid protein in the brain. Explain how this is possible.

Name: 2.a.The following figure represents the primary transcript of a typic
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Description: 2.a.The following figure represents the primary transcript of a typical eukaryotic protein-coding gene:bp:Exon 1120Intron 175Exon 260Intron 270Exon 330Poly (A)What is the size in bases of the fully processed, mature mRNA? Assume a poly (A) tail of 2

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter19: Genomes And Proteomes

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3TYK

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1. What is the nucleotide sequence of the mRNA transcribed from the template DNA strand: 3’-GCTACAAAAAGTCCATAATCGC-5’? Indicate the 5’ and 3’ ends. Follow the same format as the given sequence. 2. If the mRNA sequence you obtained in question 2 were to be translated, what would be the sequence of amino acids in the peptide? Use the 3-letter code of the amino acids. Separate the amino acids with a dash (-). NO NEED to indicate the N- and C-terminal amino acids. Assumption is that the first amino acid is the N-terminal. 3. If the mRNA sequence you obtained in question 2 were to be translated, what would be the sequence of amino acids in the peptide? Use the 3-letter code of the amino acids. Separate the amino acids with a dash (-). NO NEED to indicate the N- and C-terminal amino acids. The assumption is that the first amino acid is the N-terminal.
4) Shown below is a schematic drawing of a gene, with the transcription unit divided into numbered regions. The arrows indicate transcription initiation sites, "D" indicates a splice donor site, "A" indicates a splice acceptor site, and "An" indicates a polyadenylation signal. Indicate all the possible mRNAs that could be produced from this gene (you don't need to draw new schematics - just list the regions that would be included in each mRNA by number)
1. Considering the following nucleotide sequence in an mRNA molecule: 5’ AUG UUA CGU AAU GCU GUC GAA UCU AUU UGC UUU ACA UAA 3' a) Write the sequence of the DNA template (antisense) strand from which the mRNA was synthesized. b) Write the sequence of the DNA coding (sense or informational) strand complementary to the template strand. c) Write the sequence of tRNA anticodon that corresponds to the given mRNA molecule. d) Write the amino acid sequence of the peptide synthesized from the given mRNA nucleotide sequence. e) Draw the structure of the pertide fragment made up of the first five (5) amino acids in the given polypeptide.
2a) Suppose you have a gene in which a single base substitution has created the nonsense mutation 5'TAA3' (which will be transcribed into 5'UAA3' in the mRNA - but recall that mutations are changes in the DNA sequence). Name all the amino acids that could have been coded for by the original, unmutated codon at that position in the gene.
1. Given the DNA sequence below: 5’-ACATGTGTACAGGCTTTGTCTGAATGGCTT-3’ 3’-TGTACACATGTCCGAAACAGACTTACCGAA-5’ Translate the mRNA. (Using the 3-letter code for amino acids, write the primary structure of the peptide that will be produced.) 2. Given the DNA sequence below: 5’-ACATGTGTACAGGCTTTGTCTGAATGGCTT-3’ 3’-TGTACACATGTCCGAAACAGACTTACCGAA-5’ Translate the mRNA. (Using the 3-letter code for amino acids, write the primary structure of the peptide that will be produced.)
1. Which of the following initially comes directly in contact with the mRNA during translation? a. 60s + 40s b. 50s + 30s c. 40s + 30s d. 60s + 50s 2. Which of the following properties of DNA confers to the presence of 5' phosphate and 3' hydroxyl terminal? a. Double helix b. Polarity c. Complementary base pairing d. Resistance to alkali hydrolysis 3. Which of the following are constant throughout the entire nucleic acid structure? a. Sugar and Phosphate b. A-T + G-C c. A-U + G-C d. Deoxyribose and Ribose
2b) Prokaryotic cells can and do produce "polycistronic" mRNAs, which have multiple independent coding sequences coding for separate proteins on the same mRNA strand. Eukaryotic cells don't have polycistronic mRNAs, because only the first (most 5') coding sequence on such an mRNA would ever be translated in a eukaryotic cell. Explain why this is the case - why wouldn't a second, more 3' coding sequence on an mRNA be translated in a eukaryotic cell?
1. If the gene above is transcribed into a functional mRNA, a.) how many codons will be carried by the functional mRNA? b.) what is the sequence of the 25th codon? c.) what is the sequence of the stop codon? 2. If the mRNA transcribed for this gene will be translated into a functional protein, a.) how many amino acids will be used to build the polypeptide chain? b.) what is the amino acid coded by the 25th codon? c.) what is the amino acid coded by the last codon? 3. If the above gene is one of the three structural genes of the lac operon that codes for the protein/ enzyme responsible for breaking lactose into two molecules of simple sugars, a.) what triggers the activation of this gene? b.) what triggers the inactivation of this gene? c.) what substance is attached to the operator region of the operon in the absence of activator? d.) what gene is responsible for the synthesis of the substance used to attach in the operator region in the absence of activator? e.) what…
1. If the gene above is transcribed into a functional mRNA,a.) how many codons will be carried by the functional mRNA?b.) what is the sequence of the 25th codon?c.) what is the sequence of the stop codon?2. If the mRNA transcribed for this gene will be translated into a functional protein,a.) how many amino acids will be used to build the polypeptide chain?b.) what is the amino acid coded by the 25th codon?c.) what is the amino acid coded by the last codon?
1. Explain why do eukaryotic mRNAs have to be “processed” whereas most prokaryotic RNAs do not?
1. Given the following three mRNA sequences, which 2 sequences code for the same protein?#1 AGU UUA GCA ACG AGA UCA#2 UCG CUA GCG ACC AGU UCA#3 AGC CUC GCC ACU CGU AGU 2. Look at the following sequence: THE FAT CAT ATE THE RAT. Delete the first H and regroup the letters in groups of three- write out the new groups of three. Does the sentence still make sense? What type of mutation is this an example of?
1. A region of DNA in a particular cell synthesizes a segment of RNA that is 174 bases long and in the form of a large palindrome. The RNA is transported to the cytoplasm and folds into a hairpin loop of double stranded RNA. In the cytoplasm, the hairpin loop is recognized by a double-stranded RNA cutting enzyme (dicer) and is cut into 21 BP lengths. When these 21 BP double stranded segments are combined with protein, they function by: Answer choices destroying specific mRNAs priming the synthesis of DNA sequences adding DNA to the chromosome ends (telomeres) acting as decoys for RNA degrading enzymes thus protecting the mRNAs present splicing the introns out of messenger RNA 2. The following are genotypes of merozygotes of E. coli with various combinations of lac operon mutations. Determine the phenotype with respect to beta-galactosidase (z), permease (y), and trans-acetylase (a) of each combination as U = uninducible, I = inducible, and C = constitutive. Choose from…