2. The market situation is the perfectly competitive market for beef. Suppose the beef industry is an constant-cost perfectly competitive industry that is currently in long-run equilibrium. Part 1: Now suppose that demand for beef increases and firms are earning a positive economic profit. Illustrate the change in demand in your diagram and label the demand curve as D2. Part 2: Illustrate how the market adjusts to long-run equilibrium. Identify the new equilibrium quantity and price combination (E2).
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- Firms ill a perfectly competitive market are said to be price takers that is, once the market determines an equilibrium price for the product, firms must accept this price. If you sell a product in a perfectly competitive market, but you are not happy with its price, would you raise the price, even by a cent?a. Demonstrate what happens in the short run on both graphs when a new medical study shows soy beans to be an effective weight-loss supplement. On the market graph, you will shift a curve (or curves). On the firm's graph, use "Price 2" to draw a new price line for the firm. On both graphs, indicate the new equilibrium points with the points labeled B. b. Now, demonstrate the changes that get both graphs back to long run equilibrium. Use shift(s) for the market and "Price 3" for the firm. Indicate the new long-run equilibrium with the green points labeled C.Suppose that the turkey industry is in long-run equilibrium at a price of $5 per pound of turkey and a quantity of 150 million pounds per year. Suppose that WebMD claims that the bacteria found in turkey will decrease your expected life span by 4 years. WebMD's claim will cause consumers to demand Shift the demand curve, the supply curve, or both on the following diagram to illustrate these short-run effects of WebMD's claim. PRICE (Dollars per pound) 10 9 8 3 2 1 0 0 30 turkey at every price. In the short run, firms will respond by 60 Supply Demand 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 QUANTITY (Millions of pounds) Demand Supply (?
- Suppose the market for fresh pork is a competitive market. Initially, it is operatingat its long-run competitive equilibrium at a market price of $50.Owing to the spread of COVID-19, many people turn to buying frozen meat oncea week rather than fresh pork every day. As a result, the market price of fresh porkreduces to $30.a. With the aid of a pair of market-and-firm diagrams, illustrate how thiswould affect the equilibrium price and quantity in the fresh pork market andthe output of a typical butcher of fresh pork in the short-run.b. Suppose, for the situation in (a), the average cost of a typical butcher offresh pork is $40, which includes $15 on buying meat from suppliers, $12on paying rent, $8 on paying hourly wages on staff, and $5 on other costs.Explain whether a typical butcher should shut down in the short run.Consider the attached diagram of a competitive market and the typical firm operating in that market. In the long run, what total amount of the product will be supplied in equilibrium? [Hint: what amount do consumers demand at the long-run price?] Price 28 24 20 500,000 700,000 D Price, costs 60 66 78 MC AC4. Profit maximization in the cost-curve diagram Suppose that the market for wind chimes is a competitive market. The following graph shows the daily cost curves of a firm operating in this market. Hint: After placing the rectangle on the graph, you can select an endpoint to see the coordinates of that point. 40 36 Profit or Loss 32 28 24 АТC 16 12 AVC 8 MC 4 + 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 QUANTITY (Thousands of wind chimes per day) 20 PRICE (Dollars per wind chime)
- er 11 i Suppose the market for corn is a purely competitive, constant-cost industry that is in long-run equilibrium. Now assume that an increase in consumer demand occurs. After all resulting adjustments have been completed, the new equilibrium price will be Multiple Choice OO O the same as the initial equilibrium price, but the new industry output will be greater than the original output. greater than the initial price, and the new industry output will be greater than the original output. less than the initial price, but the new industry output will be greater than the original output. the same as the initial equilibrium price, and the industry output will remain unchanged. 23 11,229 X OCT all Z ACOURSE: MICROECONOMICS - Bertrand's ModelAssume that a market is supplied by 2 companies, whose total costs are: CTi = 100Respective demand of each is: q1 = 120 - 2p1 + p2 and q2 = 120 - 2p2 + p1It is requested to:(a) calculate the firms' profit and reaction function.(b) plot the market equilibrium price and reaction function(d) calculate equilibrium quantity produced by each firm(e) determine profits that both firms will have at equilibrium.7. Short-run supply and long-run equilibrium Consider the competitive market for titanium. Assume that, regardless of how many firms are in the industry, every firm in the industry is identical and faces the marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves shown on the following graph. T2 B4 ATC 40 AVC 16 4 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 QUANTITY (Thousenda of pounds) Use the prange polots (square symbol) to plot the initial short-run industry supply curve when there pre 10 firms in the market. (Hint: You can disregard the portion of the supply curve that comesponds to prices where there is no cutput since this is the industry supply curve.) Next, use the purple points (diamand symbol) to plat the short-run industry supply curve when there are 20 frms. Finally, use the green points (triangle symbal) to piot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 30 firms. (? 72 Supply (10 fima) Demand Supply (20 fims) 32 Supply (30 fims) * 24 16 120 240 2o 490…
- 4. Profit maximization in the cost-curve diagram Suppose that the market for candles is a perfectly competitive market. The following graph shows the daily cost curves of a firm operating in this market. 40 36 Profit or Loss 32 28 24 20 ATC 16 12 AVC MC 4 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 QUANTITY (Thousands of candles) In the short run, at a market price of $20 per candle, this firm will choose to produce candles per day. On the previous graph, use the blue rectangle (circle symbols) to shade the area representing the firm's profit or loss if the market price is $20 and the firm chooses to produce the quantity you already selected. Note: In the following question, you should enter a positive number in the numeric entry field. The area of this rectangle indicates that the firm's would be S per day. PRICE (Dollars per candle)4. Profit maximization in the cost-curve diagram Suppose that the market for candles is a competitive market. The following graph shows the daily cost curves of a firm operating in this market. Hint: After placing the rectangle on the graph, you can select an endpoint to see the coordinates of that point. 40 36 Profit or Loss 32 28 24 20 ATC 16 12 AVC MC 10 12 14 16 18 20 QUANTITY (Thousands of candles per day) In the short run, at a market price of $20 per candle, this firm will choose to produce candles per day. On the preceding graph, use the blue rectangle (circle symbols) to shade the area representing the firm's profit or loss if the market price is $20 and the firm chooses to produce the quantity you already selected. Note: In the following question, enter a positive number, even if it represents a loss. The area of this rectangle indicates that the firm's would be s thousand per day in the short run. PRICE (Dollars per candle)Suppose that bicycles are produced by a perfectly competitive, constant-cost industryWhich of the following will have a larger effect the long-run price of bicycles: a government program to advertise the health benefits of bicyclingor (2) a government program increases the demand for steel, an input in the manufacture of bicycles that is produced in an increasing cost industry ? O. Option 1: shifts the demand curve out and increases the price. O. Option 2: shifts the supply curve up and increases the price O. Option 2: it shifts the demand curve up and increases the quantity. O. Option 2: shifts the supply curve up and increases the quantity.