3. Using the below hypothetical character matrix of traits (left column) for these imaginary taxa (top row), choose the most likely phylogeny (a, b, or c), assuming that the Priltezon is the outgroup. Here presence is indicated by yes(Yes), and absence is no (No). Priltezon Frizzle Millispeed Bragoon Tortlouse Catellini Fur no no no No No Yes Eyes no no no no Yes Yes Six arms no no no yes Yes Yes Ears no no yes yes Yes Yes Backbone no yes yes yes Yes Yes b. C. a. P F T M B M B F T P C PMBFCT

3. Using the below hypothetical character matrix of traits (left column) for these imaginary taxa (top row), choose the most likely phylogeny (a, b, or c), assuming that the Priltezon is the outgroup. Here presence is indicated by yes(Yes), and absence is no (No). Priltezon Frizzle Millispeed Bragoon Tortlouse Catellini Fur no no no No No Yes Eyes no no no no Yes Yes Six arms no no no yes Yes Yes Ears no no yes yes Yes Yes Backbone no yes yes yes Yes Yes b. C. a. P F T M B M B F T P C PMBFCT

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter24: Systematics And Phylogenetics: Revealing The Tree Of Life

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10TYK: To construct a phylogenetic tree by applying the principles of parsimony to molecular sequence data,...

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Similar questions

Which of the following does not help systematists determine whether a morphological character state is ancestral or derived? a. outgroup comparison b. patterns of embryonic development c. studies of the fossil record d. studies of the character in more related species e. dating of the character by molecular clocks
8. Which of the following is problematic when the goal is to construct cladograms that accurately reflect evolutionary history? Group of answer choices shared derived characters homologous characters monophyletic taxa homoplastic characters
1. Aside from the provided species concepts, if you are to MAKE YOUR OWN SPECIES CONCEPT, how would you define it? Discuss it and note that it should be your own definition for species concept, not others.
When systematists study morphological or behavioral traits to reconstruct the evolutionary history of a group of animals, they assume that: a. similarities and differences in phenotypic characters reflectunderlying genetic similarities and differences. b. the animals use exactly the same traits to identify appropriatemates. c. differences in these traits caused speciation in the past. d. the adaptive value of these traits can be explained. e. variations in these traits are produced by environmentaleffects during development.
Match the terms with the most suitable description. ______ phylogeny a. similar across many taxa ______ cladogram b. evolutionary history ______ master regulators c. human arm and bird wing ______ convergent evolution d. present in a group but not in its ancestors ______ derived character e. based on neutral mutations ______ molecular clock f. insect wing and bird wing ______ analogous structures g. diagram of .sets within sets ______ divergent evolution h. different lineages evolve in a similar way ______ homologous structures i. closely related lineages evolve in different ways
The phylogenetic tree to the right showsthe evolutionary relationships of taxa A –H. The shapes represent character statetrait changes. A. Which traits (shapes) would individualsin taxa D have? Draw the collection oftraits. B. Is the triangle a synapomorphy orpleisomorphy (circle one)? C. Is the circle a synapomorphy orsympleisomorphy (circle one)?
Shown above are three possible phylogenetic trees for species I, II and III reconstructed based on the 4-nucleotide DNA sequences given in the righthand table. In every tree, each hatchmark on a branch represents a single base-change event. The most parsimonious tree would be - A. Both X and Y. B. X. C. Y. D. Both Y and Z. E. Z.
The table shows the distribution of traits (A-E) in six extant species (1-6). A “0” indicates the ancestral condition, and a “1” indicates the derived condition. 1. Which trait is least informative of phylogenetic relationships within the group? 2. Which species has the fewest number of derived characters?
1. I have found a heritable, morphologic trait that I think is phylogenetically informative. Before I use this data to construct a cladogram, I must ensure the trait possesses some key features. What features must this trait have? Morphological trait must have 3 thin. 1. it must be heritable2. it must be a quantitative3. ? Question 1, I just need to know the Morphological trait must have heritable and quantitative and what 2. You have two traits that you could use to reconstruct evolutionary relationships: One is fur color, and the other is a coding sequence for a gene (agouti) that influences fur color. What type of data/trait is fur color; what type is gene coding sequence? Identify which trait is likely to be more phylogenetically informative and explain your reasoning. My answer: coding sequence of the fur color is more important and informative for fur color trait as it will informative to find out evolutionary information based on coding sequence and find out common…
1. What is phylogeny? Why is it considered an important field in understanding evolutionary processes? 2. What is the difference between allopatric from sympatric speciation?
4. Which of the following is an example of convergent evolution? Group of answer choices a. A population of finches becomes separated in the Galapagos Islands and begins to develop into two different species of finch b. Two different species of plants in separate deserts evolve a similar waxy outer cuticle to preserve water c. One species of lizard evolves a green coloration to blend in with its tropical forest surroundings, whereas another species evolves a tan coloration to blend in with its desert surroundings d. Because they share a recent common ancestor, Lions and Bengal Tigers both have retractable claws for catching prey e. Melanic moths begin to lose pigment in their wings as the environment becomes less polluted 6. Which of the following scenarios is an example of stabilizing selection? Group of answer choices a. A population of sharks is evolving towards the average body size; small sharks fall prey to killer whales, large sharks can't get…
The principle of parsimony a. helps evolutionary biologists distinguish among competing phylogenetic hypotheses. b. does not require that the polarity of traits be determined. c. is a way to avoid having to use outgroups in a phylogenetic analysis. d. cannot be applied to molecular traits.