A doctor released the results of clinical trials for a vaccine to prevent a particular disease. In these clinical trials, 200,000 children were randomly divided in two groups. The subjects in group 1 (the experimental group) were given the vaccine, while the subjects in group 2 (the control group) were given a placebo. Of the 100,000 children in the experimental group, 23 developed the disease. Of the 100,000 children in the control group, 50 developed the disease. Complete parts (a) through (f) below.
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- A doctor released the results of clinical trials for a vaccine to prevent a particular disease. In these clinical trials, 400,000 children were randomly divided in two groups. The subjects in group 1 (the experimental group) were given the vaccine, while the subjects in group 2 (the control group) were given a placebo. Of the 200,000 children in the experimental group, 41 developed the disease. Of the 200,000 children in the control group, 109 developed the disease. Complete parts (a) through (f) below. (d) What is a placebo? OA. An innocuous medication OB. Whatever does the opposite of the actual medication OC. A pill OD. Water (e) Why is such a large number of subjects needed for this study? OA. The number of subjects is so large because the vaccine is very effective. OB. The number of subjects is so large because a large sample size is needed to ensure that the samples are independent. OC. The number of subjects is so large because these are clinical trials, which require a…A drug company developed a honey-based liquid medicine designed to calm a child's cough at night. To test the drug, 105 children who were ill with an upper respiratory tract infection were randomly selected to participate in a clinical trial. The children were randomly divided into three groups - one group was given a dosage of the honey drug, the second was given a dosage of liquid DM (an over-the-counter cough medicine), and the third (control group) received a liquid placebo (no dosage at all). After administering the medicine to their coughing child, parents rated their children's cough diagnosis as either better or worse. The results are shown in the table below: Diagnosis Treatment Better Worse Total Control 4 33 37 DM 12 21 33 Honey 24 11 35 Total 40 65 105 In order to determine whether the treatment group is independent of the coughing diagnosis, a two-way chi-square test was conducted. 1. State the alternative and the null hypothesis. 2. Calculate test statistic 3. Determine…A study claims that the combination of vitamin C with vitamin E is more effective for preventing the flu than vitamin C alone. In the study, a group of researchers studied 1072 subjects. The subjects were randomly assigned to one of three study groups. The first group of 410 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg daily of vitamin C. The second group of 358 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg of vitamin C and 200 IU of vitamin E daily. The third group of 304 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg of vitamin C and 400 IU of vitamin E daily. The incidence of flu over a season was recorded. All subjects knew which treatment they were receiving. The study reported that 300 subjects in each group self-reported no flu for the season, so the vitamin E does not help fight the flu. This statement is false because:• not all groups have the same number of subjects.• not all the subjects took vitamin C.• the amount of vitamin C was different. It would be better to show the results…
- A doctor released the results of clinical trials for a vaccine to prevent a particular disease. In these clinical trials, 200,000 children were randomly divided in two groups. The subjects in group 1 (the experimental group) were given the vaccine, while the subjects in group 2 (the control group) were given a placebo. Of the 100,000 children in the experimental group, 15 developed the disease. Of the 100,000 children in the control group, 50 developed the disease. Complete parts (a) through (f) below. (a) What type of experimental design is this? Completely randomized design Case-control Matched-pairs design Randomized block design (b) What is the response variable? O A. The amount of the vaccine received B. Whether the subject contracted the disease or not C. Whether the subject was in group 1 or group 2 O D. Whether the vaccine prevented the disease or notA pharmaceutical company conducts an experiment to test the effect of a new cholesterol medication. The company selects 15 subjects randomly from a larger population. Each subject is randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups. A balanced design is used. Within each treatment group, subjects receive a different dose of the new medication. In Group 1, subjects receive 0 mg/day; in Group 2, 50 mg/day; and in Group 3, 100 mg/day. After 30 days, doctors measure the cholesterol level of each subject. The results for all 15 subjects appear in the table below: 0 mg/day 50 mg/day 100 mg/day Average Cholesterol 258 246 210 Cholesterol Variance 1170 630 450 What is the computed value of the F test statistic for the standard CRD by one-way ANOVA? Final answer to 2 decimal places.A pharmaceutical company conducts an experiment to test the effect of a new cholesterol medication. The company selects 15 subjects randomly from a larger population. Each subject is randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups. Within each treament group, subjects receive a different dose of the new medication. In Group 1, subjects receive 0 mg/day; in Group 2, 50 mg/day; and in Group 3, 100 mg/day. What test would you use?
- A study claims that the combination of vitamin C with vitamin E is more effective for preventing the flu than vitamin C alone. In the study, a group of researchers studied 1132 subjects. The subjects were randomly assigned to out of three study groups. The first group of 310 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg daily of vitamin C. The second group of 418 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg of vitamin C and 200 IU of vitamin E daily. The third group of 404 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg of vitamin C and 400 IU of vitamin E daily. The incidence of flu over a season was recorded. All subjects knew which treatment they were receiving.In this study, which is the control group? the second group of 418 taking 200 IU of vitamin E the third group of 404 taking 400 IU of vitamin E the 1132 subjects the first group of 310 taking vitamin C alone There is no control group.A study claims that the combination of vitamin C with vitamin E is more effective for preventing the flu than vitamin C alone. In the study, a group of researchers studied 1132 subjects. The subjects were randomly assigned to out of three study groups. The first group of 310 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg daily of vitamin C. The second group of 418 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg of vitamin C and 200 IU of vitamin E daily. The third group of 404 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg of vitamin C and 400 IU of vitamin E daily. The incidence of flu over a season was recorded. All subjects knew which treatment they were receiving. In this study, which is the control group? O the third group of 404 taking 400 IU of vitamin E O the 1132 subjects O the first group of 310 taking vitamin C alone O the second group of 418 taking 20O IU of vitamin E O There is no control group. This study is O double-blind Onot blind. O not an experiment blind, but not double-blind none of the…A pharmaceutical company has developed a new flu vaccine. To test its effectiveness, the company recruits 1000 volunteers to participate. The participants are divided into two groups. Care is taken to make the two groups similar in composition with respect to factors such as race, gender, and medical history. One group is given the new vaccine. The other group is given a placebo (a saline solution that looks like the vaccine but contains no vaccine). The participants are not aware of whether they are receiving the vaccine or the placebo. The doctors giving the injection are also unaware of which participants are in which group. Six months later, the participants are contacted. For each group, the percentage of participants who contracted the flu at any point over the six months is recorded. The company will compare these percentages between the two groups. (a) First choose whether the procedure described above is an observational study or a designed experiment. Then further categorize…
- A study claims that the combination of vitamin C with vitamin E is more effective for preventing the flu than vitamin C alone. In the study, a group of researchers studied 1132 subjects. The subjects were randomly assigned to out of three study groups. The first group of 310 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg daily of vitamin C. The second group of 418 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg of vitamin C and 200 IU of vitamin E daily. The third group of 404 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg of vitamin C and 400 IU of vitamin E daily. The incidence of flu over a season was recorded. All subjects knew which treatment they were receiving.This study is double-blind not an experiment blind, but not double-blind not blind. none of the aboveA medical researcher obtains a sample of adults suffering from diabetes. She randomly assigns 95 people to a treatment group and 95 to a placebo group. The treatment group receives medication over a period of three months and the placebo group receives a placebo. After the three months the patients' symptoms are evaluated. Is it observational study or experiment?Byron is conducting an experiment to determine whether a new medication is effective in reducing coughing. He finds 1,200 volunteers with coughing issues and divides them into two groups. The control group does not receive any medication; the treatment group receives the medication. The patients in the treatment group show reduced signs of coughing. What can Byron conclude from this experiment?