A doctor released the results of clinical trials for a vaccine to prevent a particular disease. In these clinical trials, 400,000 children were randomly divided in two groups. The subjects in group 1 (the experimental group) were given the vaccine, while the subjects in group 2 (the control group) were given a placebo. Of the 200,000 children in the experimental group, 44 developed the disease. Of the 200,000 children in the control group, 121 developed the disease. Complete parts (a) through (f) below.
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- Find the test statistic for this hypothesis
- Determine the P value
- Interpert the p value
- State the conclusion for this hypthesis test
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- A drug company developed a honey-based liquid medicine designed to calm a child's cough at night. To test the drug, 105 children who were ill with an upper respiratory tract infection were randomly selected to participate in a clinical trial. The children were randomly divided into three groups - one group was given a dosage of the honey drug, the second was given a dosage of liquid DM (an over-the-counter cough medicine), and the third (control group) received a liquid placebo (no dosage at all). After administering the medicine to their coughing child, parents rated their children's cough diagnosis as either better or worse. The results are shown in the table below: Diagnosis Treatment Better Worse Total Control 4 33 37 DM 12 21 33 Honey 24 11 35 Total 40 65 105 In order to determine whether the treatment group is independent of the coughing diagnosis, a two-way chi-square test was conducted. 1. State the alternative and the null hypothesis. 2. Calculate test statistic 3. Determine…A doctor released the results of clinical trials for a vaccine to prevent a particular disease. In these clinical trials, 400,000 children were randomly divided in two groups. The subjects in group 1 (the experimental group) were given the vaccine, while the subjects in group 2 (the control group) were given a placebo. Of the 200,000 children in the experimental group, 41 developed the disease. Of the 200,000 children in the control group, 109 developed the disease. Complete parts (a) through (f) below. (d) What is a placebo? OA. An innocuous medication OB. Whatever does the opposite of the actual medication OC. A pill OD. Water (e) Why is such a large number of subjects needed for this study? OA. The number of subjects is so large because the vaccine is very effective. OB. The number of subjects is so large because a large sample size is needed to ensure that the samples are independent. OC. The number of subjects is so large because these are clinical trials, which require a…A doctor released the results of clinical trials for a vaccine to prevent a particular disease. In these clinical trials, 200,000 children were randomly divided in two groups. The subjects in group 1 (the experimental group) were given the vaccine, while the subjects in group 2 (the control group) were given a placebo. Of the 100,000 children in the experimental group, 15 developed the disease. Of the 100,000 children in the control group, 50 developed the disease. Complete parts (a) through (f) below. (a) What type of experimental design is this? Completely randomized design Case-control Matched-pairs design Randomized block design (b) What is the response variable? O A. The amount of the vaccine received B. Whether the subject contracted the disease or not C. Whether the subject was in group 1 or group 2 O D. Whether the vaccine prevented the disease or not
- A study claims that the combination of vitamin C with vitamin E is more effective for preventing the flu than vitamin C alone. In the study, a group of researchers studied 1072 subjects. The subjects were randomly assigned to one of three study groups. The first group of 410 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg daily of vitamin C. The second group of 358 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg of vitamin C and 200 IU of vitamin E daily. The third group of 304 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg of vitamin C and 400 IU of vitamin E daily. The incidence of flu over a season was recorded. All subjects knew which treatment they were receiving. The study reported that 300 subjects in each group self-reported no flu for the season, so the vitamin E does not help fight the flu. This statement is false because:• not all groups have the same number of subjects.• not all the subjects took vitamin C.• the amount of vitamin C was different. It would be better to show the results…A study claims that the combination of vitamin C with vitamin E is more effective for preventing the flu than vitamin C alone. In the study, a group of researchers studied 1132 subjects. The subjects were randomly assigned to out of three study groups. The first group of 310 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg daily of vitamin C. The second group of 418 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg of vitamin C and 200 IU of vitamin E daily. The third group of 404 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg of vitamin C and 400 IU of vitamin E daily. The incidence of flu over a season was recorded. All subjects knew which treatment they were receiving. In this study, which is the control group? O the third group of 404 taking 400 IU of vitamin E O the 1132 subjects O the first group of 310 taking vitamin C alone O the second group of 418 taking 20O IU of vitamin E O There is no control group. This study is O double-blind Onot blind. O not an experiment blind, but not double-blind none of the…A study claims that the combination of vitamin C with vitamin E is more effective for preventing the flu than vitamin C alone. In the study, a group of researchers studied 1132 subjects. The subjects were randomly assigned to out of three study groups. The first group of 310 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg daily of vitamin C. The second group of 418 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg of vitamin C and 200 IU of vitamin E daily. The third group of 404 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg of vitamin C and 400 IU of vitamin E daily. The incidence of flu over a season was recorded. All subjects knew which treatment they were receiving.In this study, which is the control group? the second group of 418 taking 200 IU of vitamin E the third group of 404 taking 400 IU of vitamin E the 1132 subjects the first group of 310 taking vitamin C alone There is no control group.
- A study claims that the combination of vitamin C with vitamin E is more effective for preventing the flu than vitamin C alone. In the study, a group of researchers studied 1132 subjects. The subjects were randomly assigned to out of three study groups. The first group of 310 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg daily of vitamin C. The second group of 418 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg of vitamin C and 200 IU of vitamin E daily. The third group of 404 subjects were instructed to take 600 mg of vitamin C and 400 IU of vitamin E daily. The incidence of flu over a season was recorded. All subjects knew which treatment they were receiving.This study is double-blind not an experiment blind, but not double-blind not blind. none of the aboveA pharmaceutical company is testing the effectiveness of its vaccine across two different age brackets. They take a sample and split the participants up into two separate groups. Group A consists of 44 people who are between ages 13 and 18. Group B consists of 58 people between ages 19 and 26. After being administered the vaccine, it was found that 37 people from group A were immune to the virus and 42 people from group B were immune. (this is the same situation from the previous daily) Why do we use the 'pooled proportion' instead of the null hypothesis in the denominator of the test statistic? At a 10% significance level, is there reason to believe there is a difference in vaccine efficacy between Group A and Group B? explain each stepA researcher is conducting an experimental study on the effect of aspirin on heart attack risk. In order to assign who will receive aspirin and who will receive a placebo, she first divides her study into three age groups (18-29, 30-49, and 50 or older). She then randomly assigns individuals within these age groups to either receive aspirin or the placebo. This is an example of systemic?
- In randomized, double-blind clinical trials of a new vaccine, infants were randomly divided into two groups. Subjects in group 1 received the new vaccine while subjects in group 2 received a control vaccine. After the second dose, 126 of 387 subjects in the experimental group (group 1) experienced drowsiness as a side effect. After the second dose, 158 of 574 of the subjects in the control group (group 2) experienced drowsiness as a side effect. Does the evidence suggest that a higher proportion of subjects in group 1 experienced drowsiness as a side effect than subjects in group 2 at the α=0.01 level of significance? Verify the model requirements. Select all that apply. A. The sample size is less than 5% of the population size for each sample. B. n1p11−p1≥10 and n2p21−p2≥10 C. The samples are dependent. D. The sample size is more than 5% of the population size for each sample. E. The samples are independent. F. The data come…A tamoxifen study claims that a combination of chemotherapy and the hormone therapy tamoxifen is more effective than tamoxifen alone in preventing breast cancer. In the study, a group of researchers from the U.S. and Canada studied 1477 postmenopausal women with early-stage breast cancer. The women were randomly assigned to one of three study groups. The first group of 361 received tamoxifen alone on a daily basis for five years. The second group of 566 received chemotherapy and tamoxifen for six months, and then completed five years of tamoxifen treatment. And the third group of 550 received chemotherapy alone for six months followed by five years of tamoxifen treatment. All 1477 patients knew which treatment they were receiving.In this study, which is the control group? the 1477 postmenopausal women the second group of 566 that received tamoxifen and chemotherapy concurrently for 6 months the first group of 361 that received tamoxifen alone the third group of 550 that received…In randomized, double-blind clinical trials of a new vaccine, infants were randomly divided into two groups. Subjects in group 1 received the new vaccine while subjects in group 2 received a control vaccine. After the second dose, 115 of 677 subjects in the experimental group (group 1) experienced drowsiness as a side effect. After the second dose, 72 of 558 of the subjects in the control group (group 2) experienced drowsiness as a side effect. Does the evidence suggest that a higher proportion of subjects in group 1 experienced drowsiness as a side effect than subjects in group 2 at the a = 0.01 level of significance? Verify the model requirements. Select all that apply. A. The samples are independent. B. The samples are dependent. C. The data come from a population that is normally distributed. D. The sample size is more than 5% of the population size for each sample. E. The sample size is less than 5% of the population size for each sample. n,Pi (1- ê1) 10 and nyê2 (1-ê2) 1 F. P) 2…