Another sense in which P is robust is that it allows one program to use another as a subroutine. If an algorithm B runs in polynomial time, and an algorithm A performs a polynomial number of steps, some of which call B as a subroutine, show that A also runs in polynomial time. Furthermore assume that B returns a Boolean, i.e., it also solves a decision problem. (Though not required, if you like, discuss how this could be false if B, although a polynomial-time algorithm, is allowed to return a string rather than a Boolean.)
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- Problem B. Musical Key ConversionThe chromatic scale is a 12-note scale in music in which all notes are evenly spaced: that is, the ratio of the frequency between any two consecutive notes is constant. The notes are typically labeled in the following sequence: A, A#, B, C, C#, D, D#, E, F, F#, G, G# After G#, the labels loop back and start over with A (one octave higher). To convert between musical keys, you can shift all notes in a piece of music a constant number of steps along the scale above. For example, the sequence of notes E, E, F, G, G, F, E, D, C, C, D, E, E, D, D can be converted to another musical key by shifting everything up three steps: E, E, F, G, G, F, E, D, C, C, D, E, E, D, D G, G, G#, A#, A#, G#, G, F, D#, D#, F, G, G, F, F Notice that G was converted to A#, since going three steps up required us to loop off of the top of the scale back to the bottom: G -> G# -> A -> A#. Technically we should note that this would be A# of the next octave up, but we’ll…4. The Area of the Target: To decide on prizes for the archery contest, you decided to use the areas of the center and rings. You decided that rings with smaller areas should be worth more points. But how much more? Complete the following investigation to help you decide. a. Find the sequence of the areas of the rings, including the center. (Be careful.) b. Write a recursive formula and an explicit formula for this sequence. C. Write the explicit formula in summation notation. Find the total area of the bull's eye if it had 9 rings around the bull's eye.a) Write down a tail recursive implementation of the function sum in python language or programming language of your choice. You may use the helper function in your solution. b) Write down a tail recursive implementation of the function factorial in pythonlanguage or programming language of your choice. You may use the helper function in yoursolution.
- PLEASE USE C LANGUAGE The objective is to be able to implement a graph data structure and graph traversals. 1. Make a code for a program that follows the details in the PROGRAM SPECIFICATION section.2. Develop a program following the structured programming approach at the very least. No global variable declarations are allowed. The program specifications are as follows:Write a program that performs depth first search/traversal and breadth first search/traversal on predefined graphs.(see the attached pictures for predefined graphs) The graph search program will have the following main menu: Graph Traversal Program [1] Perform DFS Traversal [2] Perform BFS Traversal [3] Search Item using DFS [4] Search Item using BFS [0] Exit Enter choice: Details of the menu items are as follows: Perform DFS Traversal Once selected, the user is asked which graph to traverse. The program then performs depth-first search traversal and prints out the nodes in the order they are visited. Perform…NOTE: (what your answer will contain) 1 Use C PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE ONLY 2. Use RECURSION type of program 3. Copy and paste your code(no need screenshot) 4. Screenshot the output 5. It should be USER-DEPENDENT 3. Write a C program containing a recursive function that will get the whole number quotient result of dividing two integers n and m. (Example if n=4 and m 3, 4/3 1. Output 1)(a) State the two common programming errors that cause a recursive function to call itself endlessly.
- Problem B Musical Key ConversionThe chromatic scale is a 12-note scale in music in which all notes are evenly spaced: that is, the ratio of the frequency between any two consecutive notes is constant. The notes are typically labeled in the following sequence: A, A#, B, C, C#, D, D#, E, F, F#, G, G# After G#, the labels loop back and start over with A (one octave higher). To convert between musical keys, you can shift all notes in a piece of music a constant number of steps along the scale above. For example, the sequence of notes E, E, F, G, G, F, E, D, C, C, D, E, E, D, D can be converted to another musical key by shifting everything up three steps: E, E, F, G, G, F, E, D, C, C, D, E, E, D, D G, G, G#, A#, A#, G#, G, F, D#, D#, F, G, G, F, F Notice that G was converted to A#, since going three steps up required us to loop off of the top of the scale back to the bottom: G -> G# -> A -> A#. Technically we should note that this would be A# of the next octave up, but we’ll…Computer Science Please help You went camping overnight but forgot to take with you a heater and need to make one using a dc battery of V0 and spare electrical wires of different lengths and resistivity. The battery has lead with the resistance of Rw. Please obtain the formula for the joule heat power and plot it as a function of RH ( in MATLAB) and in comparison to the resistance of the connecting leads, Rw. (Note: express RH = x Rw, where x is the effective ratio; vary x and plot Pmax vs. x). and Find the heating power if the heater is made out of superconducting metal. Will this heater work and why?! What is to happen on the molecular ( i.e. electron) level ?!NOTE: (what your answer will contain) 1. Use C PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE ONLY 2. Use RECURSION type of program 3. Copy and paste your code(no need screenshot) 4. Screenshot the output 5. It should be USER-DEPENDENT 4. The Fibonacci series: 0, 1, 1.2,3,5,8,13,21... begins with terms 0 and I and has the property that nach succeeding term is the sun of the Iwo previous terme. Write a program containing a recursive function that computes and cisplays Ihe n"Nibenacci number, given the value for n.
- NOTE: (what your answer will contain) 1. Use C PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE ONLY 2. Use RECURSION type of program 3. Copy and paste your code(no need screenshot) 4. Screenshot the output 5. It should be USER-DEPENDENT 4. The Fibonacci series: 0, 1, 1, 2,3,5,8,13,2... begins with terms 0 and I and has the property that nach suoceeding term is the sum of the two previous terme. Write a program containing e recursive function that computes and cisplays Ihe n"Fibenacc number, given the value for n.(True/False): Given the same task to accomplish, a recursive subroutine usually uses lessmemory than a nonrecursive one.NOTE: (what your answer will contain) 1. Use C PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE ONLY 2. Use RECURSION type of program 3. Copy and paste your code(no need screenshot) 4. Screenshot the output 5. It should be USER-DEPENDENT 4. The Fibonacci series: 0, 1, 1, 2,3,5,8,13,21... begins with terms 0 and 1 and has the property that each succeeding term is the sum of the two previous terms. Write a program containing a recursive function that computes and displays the n" Fibonacci number, given the value for n.