Answer Part 1: sub part (d), including (i) and (ii) AP FREE-RESPONSEPRACTICE1. Read the excerpt below and answer the questions that follow.Native species of North America are often defined asthose species that were present in North America beforeEuropeans arrived in the early 1600s. When Europeansarrived, they found extensive forests dominated by theAmerican chestnut tree. These chestnut trees were ex-tensively cultivated and planted by the North Americannatives for food and other wood products. In the early1900s, the chestnut blight (a fungus) virtually extermi-nated all of the American chestnut trees in NorthAmerica.(a) Classify the American chestnut tree as either a native or an introduced species. Explain your classification.(b) Classify the chestnut blight as either a native or an introduced species. Explain your classification.(c) The introduction of invasive species can be deliberate or accidental.(i) Identify TWO characteristics of an invasive species.(ii) Identify which of the species (American chestnut or chestnut blight) is considered invasive.(d) Many non-native game animals, for example, axis deer and blackbuck antelope, were deliberately introducedto the United States for the sport hunting industry.(i) Describe ONE ecological and ONE economic advantage of the introduction of game species.(ii) Describe ONE ecological and ONE economic disadvantage of the introduction of game species.2. Energy flow is a central theme throughout the study of environmental science. Consider energy flow when answer-ing the following questions:(a) The tundra/arctic biome is populated with lichens and grasses as dominant producers, small rodents calledlemmings, brown bears (grizzlies), caribou (deer family), and arctic wolves. Diagram a food web that correctlyshows the flow of energy through the species shown in the squares below.LichensArctic wolvesBrown bearsCaribouLemmingsGrasses(b) The tundra, like most biomes, has very few large predators that function at the highest levels of the trophicpyramid. Explain this phenomenon.(c) An ecologist is doing an in-depth study of a tundra ecosystem. He does a biomass sample of the producers inan area and measures 3.5 kilograms of producer biomass per square meter. Calculate the biomass of pro-ducers in terms of kilograms per hectare (kg/ha). A hectare contains 10,000 square meters.(d) Based on your calculation of kg/ha above:(i) Calculate the approximate biomass of both primary and secondary consumers that could be maintainedin one hectare of this ecosystem.(ii) Explain your calculation.(e) Many people suggest that it would be wiser for humans to eat lower on the trophic pyramid. Discuss thisstatement in terms of both energy availability and land use.APⓇ REVIEW QUESTIONS UNIT 2 233

Question

Accepted Answer

d.
Any wild species that are hunted or fished by humans for amusement, entertainment, or sustenance,…