Drug Metabolism Reactions Identify the enzyme family involved in the following metabolic reaction: H3C H;C -NH -NH ??? Dealkylation OH CH3 Select one: a. N-Alkyltransferase O b. Cytochrome P450 c. UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase O d. Flavin Mono Oxygenase

Q: Phosphocreatine (G0ʹ = -43.1 kJ/mol) has a higher phosphoryl group transfer potential than ATP…

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Q: Identify the biochemical advantages that the glyoxylate cycle provides.

A: The glyoxylate cycle bypasses the decarboxylation steps of the citric acid cycle. where the…

Q: Isocitrate lyase cleaves the 6-carbon isocitrate to glyoxylate and succinate.Draw a plausible…

A: Isocitrate lyase is an enzyme in the glycoxylate cycle that catalyzes the cleavage of isocitrate to…

Q: The mechanism involved in the reaction catalyzed by phosphoglyceromutase is known to involve a…

A: Glycolysis is breakdown of glucose to provide energy. Phosphoglyceromutase catalyze the conversion…

Q: 4. structure of a monoacylglycerol (MAG) 5. structure of the product of the reaction catalysed by…

A: Lipids are mainly found as triacylglycerols. These have glycerol molecule esterified to three fatty…

Q: Considering the general structure of penicillins, how are they rendered ineffective? Select one: O…

A: •Penicillin nucleus consists of fused Thiaolidine and B- Lactam linkage to which side chains are…

Q: Gemcitabine is a deoxycytidine analog used in treating pancreatic and ovarian cancer. The drug…

A: Gemcitabine  It is a chemotherapy medicine used in the treatment of various cancers. It is a…

Q: 5-phosphate) and an aldopentose (ribose-5-phosphate) to an aldotriose (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate)…

A: TPP is the co-enzyme of this reaction where the enzyme is transketolase. The products that are…

Q: Dehydratase is a PLP-requiring enzyme that catalyzes an a,b-elimination reaction. Propose a…

A: The hydroxyl group is protonated with acid to four hydronium ion derivative. This loses water…

Q: NH, N. NH NH NH2 Benzamidine and Leupeptin are competitive trypsin inhibitors. They are shown in…

A: Competitive inhibitors have a chemical structure similar to that of the substrate of the enzyme.…

Q: The enzyme lysozome catalysis the hydrolysis of polymer that consists of N-acetylglucosamine and…

A: Lysozyme is found in the secretions like tears, and sweat. It cleaves the beta 1-4 glycosidic bond…

Q: ATP hydrolysis to make the ________ of glutamine biosynthetically active.

A: Glutamine amidotransferase is an important enzyme that actually functions like the transfer of the…

Q: c) ogenase reducing acetaldehyde to ethanol, NADH donates a hydride to the carbonyl C, and the…

A: Hi! Since we are authorized to answer only one question at a time, i am answering the first…

Q: cyclophosmamide

A:

Q: Only five general types of reactions are commonly observed in biochemical transformations. Given the…

A: Class A β-lactamases are enzymes that hydrolyze its substrate β-lactam; by forming an acyl-enzyme…

Q: Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD) is a reagent that reacts with Asp or Glu residues. Explain why the…

A: The process of breakdown of glucose to generate the energy molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is…

Q: Describe the mechanism of a-chymotrypsin. Explain the roles of constituents of the catalytic triad,…

A: Chymotrypsin is a enzyme secreted by the pancrease and poured into the duodenum of the small…

Q: Oxidation Reduction chemiosmosis acetyl coenzyme Give the definition

A: Oxidation:In terms of oxygen transfer, oxidation is the gain or addition of oxygen but in terms of…

Q: Describe the mechanism of chymotrypsin in cleaving a peptide bond, highlighting the roles of the…

A: Answer i- A catalytic triad is a group of three amino acids present in the active site of some…

Q: Chemical labeling of chymotrypsin by the compound tosylphenylalanine chloromethyl ketone (TPCK)…

A: Chymotrypsin: It is an enzyme that digests protein by cleaving amino acids in a protein chain. It…

Q: Ethyl alcohol is sometimes used in hospital emergency rooms to treat patients who have ingested…

A: The main components of the antifreeze are methanol, glycerol, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol.…

Q: 5. Acetaminophen (Tylenol™) is a common NSAID but is hepatotoxic in high doses. It is therefore very…

A: The metabolism of several drugs depends on their solubility in the aqueous environment of the body.…

Q: Lysozyme is an antibacterial enzyme found in animals.  Residues Asp 101 and Arg 114  are required…

A: Introduction- Lysozyme helps in catalyzation of binding energy where it catalysis the peptidoglycan…

Q: Match each of the enzymes involved in de novo pyrimidine synthesis with the correct description:…

A:

Q: MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE: A. 1ST statement is TRUE; 2ºd statement is FALSE B. 2d statement is TRUE; 1t…

A: There are 4 major types carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acid and proteins. They are involved in the…

Q: Briefly discuss the Glyoxylate Pathway

A: Aerobic metabolism is a set of three basic metabolic processes that occur in cells to generate…

Q: His388 Glu357 His388 Glu357 Ring opening Proton HO HO abstraction HO G6P His388 Glu357 His388 His388…

A: Phosphoglucose isomerase is EC 5.3. 1.9. It catalyzes the second step of glycolysis causing the…

Q: 31) Four catalytic strategies include all but the following: A) Noncovalent catalysis B) Covalent…

A: Enzymes are biocatalysts that speeds up the reaction process. They are generally proteins and they…

Q: Select the following enzymes that utlize a mechanism involving covalent catalysis. Select ALL that…

A: Covalent catalysis: The process of covalent catalysis involves the formation of covalent bonds…

Q: Mechanisms of catalysis: 2.5 Mechanism of chymotrypsin  summary. These mechanisms involve several…

A: Chymotrypsin is a protease secreted by the pancreas. It is synthesized as an inactive precursor…

Q: CHOOSE THE CORRECT LETTER 1.What kind of reaction is catalyzed by hexokinase? A. reduction…

A: 1)Hexokinase is the initial enzyme of glycolysis, catalyzing the phosphorylation of glucose by ATP…

Q: The redox half reaction Oxaloacetate + 2H+ + 2e− → Malate has a standard reduction potential value…

A: Given and known values: Oxaloacetate + 2H+ + 2e- → Malate         E° = 0.166 V

Q: 1. Please fully explain (use illustrate where appropriate) the Modes of Enzyme Catalysis exemplified…

A: The active site of chymotrypsin consist of a combination of 3 specific amino acid residues that work…

Q: The nitrogenase complex can reduce molecules other than N2. Provide the structures for the products…

A: Nitrogenases are the enzymes that are produced by some bacteria like cyanobacteria and are…

Q: 6. When a concentrated alkali solution acts on the purine cycle, it breaks down: A. Ester group B.…

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Q: Determine whether the following reactions will be spontaneous under standard biochemical conditions.…

A: An exergonic reaction is one in which the energy level of the products is lower than the energy…

Q: A3 Glucosylacetamide has a structure similar to the transition state during catalysis by the enzyme…

A: The chemical compounds that have structure similar to that of transition state substrate are called…

Q: Figure 1 shows the catalytic triad of a-chymotrypsin. Identify A, B and C. Describe the subsequent…

A: Chymotrypsin comes under the family of serine proteases. Serine proteases include digestive enzymes…

Q: Triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) catalyzes the conversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate to…

A: It is one of the most important enzyme of glycolysis process. This enzyme interconverts…

Q: A) The biotransformation of this drug: Choose all that apply. LOCH 3 LOCH 3 `N' `N' OH SH Phase…

A: The drug structure shown above is Clopidogrel. This is an anti-coagulant drug which inhibits the…

Q: Malonate competes with succinate in the succinate dehydrogenase reaction. Explain why increasing the…

A: Enzymatic inhibitors decrease enzyme activity. Where the enzyme inhibition is of 3 types…

Q: In what type of catalysis does Lys345 engage during the very first step of enolase's reaction cycle?…

A: Enolase, often identified as phosphopyruvate hydratase, is a metalloenzyme that belongs to the lyase…

Q: Pheneticillin (below) is a B-lactamase sensitive penicillin. Draw the structure of the inactive form…

A: Penicillin is a group of antibiotics which kill the bacteria by inhibiting the synthesis of…

Q: Methyl amines are often demethylated by cytochrome P450 enzymes. Propose a mechanism for the…

A: Methylamines, like monomethylamine (MMA), Dimethylamine (DMA), and Trimethylamine (TMA) are the…

Q: 7. Chalcone isomerase catalyzes the reaction illustrated below. A series of modification experiments…

A: Chalcone isomerase is an enzyme in Flavonoid pathway of Anthocyanine biosynthesis and catalyze the…

Q: What type of reaction is catalyzed by glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase? A.phosphorylation…

A: Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that converts glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to…

Q: Which of the following statements is true about the chymotrypsin reaction? 1. The catalytic triad at…

A: Chymotrypsin  A serine protease enzyme that cleaves the polypeptide chain at the carboxyl side of…

Q: Diazepam is converted in vivo to an active metabolite Oxazepam. Explain metabolic transfomation of…

A: Diazepam is an anxiolytic medication belong to the family of benzodiazepine. It is used for the…

Metabolic pathways

Metabolism is defined as the group of life-supporting, enzyme-mediated chemical reactions in organisms. A metabolic pathway is a set of these chemical reactions that involve anabolism (synthesis of complex biomolecules) and catabolism (breakdown of biomolecules into small molecules) that occur inside a cell. Metabolites are the reacting substances, products, and intermediate substances of an enzymatic process that are altered by a series of chemical events catalyzed by enzymes.