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- Explain why using the midpoint formula for calculating the elasticity of demand gives the same result whether price increases or decreases, but using the initial price and quantity instead of the average does not.The New York Times reported (Feb. 17, 1996) that subway ridership declined after a fare increase: There were nearly four million fewer riders in December 1995, the first full month after the price of a token increased 25 cents to 1.50, than in the previous December, a 4.3 percent decline. a. Use these data to estimate the price elasticity of demand for subway rides. b. According to your estimate, what happens to the Transit Authoritys revenue when the fare rises? c. Why might your estimate of the elasticity be unreliable?Can you think of an industry (or product) with near infinite elasticity of supply in the short term? That is, what is an industry that could increase Qs almost without limit in response to an increase in the price?
- Would you expect supply to play a more significant role in determining the price of a basic necessity like food or a luxury like perfume? Explain. Hint: Think about how the price elasticity of demand will differ between necessities and luxuries.When someones kidneys fail, the person needs to have medical treatment with a dialysis machine (unless or until they receive a kidney transplant) or they will die. Sketch a supply and demand diagram, paying attention to the appropriate elasticities, to illustrate that the supply of such dialysis machines will primarily determine the pure.What is the relationship between price elasticity and position on the demand curve? For example, as you move up the demand curve to higher prices and lower quantities, what happens lo the measured elasticity? How would you explain that?
- The equation for a supply curve is 4P=Q. What is the elasticity of supply as price rises from 3 to 4? What is the elasticity of supply as the price rises from 7 to 8? Would you expect these answers to be the same?If demand is elastic, will shifts in supply have a larger effect on equilibrium quantity or on price?If supply is elastic, will shifts in demand have a larger effect on equilibrium quantity or on price?
- If demand is inelastic, will shifts in supply have a larger effect on equilibrium price or on quantity?What would the gasoline price elasticity of supply mean to UPS or FedEx?The equation for a demand curve is P=2/Q. What is the elasticity of demand as price falls from 5 to 4? What is the elasticity of demand as the price falls from 9 to 8? Would you expect these answers to be the same?