Lead time bias is best described as   a. an apparently lower survival rate among persons screened compared to an unscreened group   b. a similar survival time for persons identified during a screening program relative to persons who are diagnosed by clinical symptoms   c. an apparently longer survival time among persons identified during a screening program because they were identified at an earlier stage of their disease   d. a truly longer survival time for persons identified during a screening program because they were given an effective treatment

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