The bacterium Agrobacterium infects plants and causes plant cells to develop tumorlike cellular structures and begin synthesizing sets of proteins that protect the bacterium from the plant immune response, as well as synthesize nutrients that can be used exclusively by the bacterium. Researchers testing the efficacy of two new antibiotic treatments against Agrobacterium are tasked with designing an experiment to test their effectiveness. Which of the following describes the most appropriate control group in this experiment? A a group of infected and untreated plants of the same species B a group of uninfected and untreated plants of a different species с a group of infected and untreated plants of a different species
Q: 22. On a cold night, more flexible cell membranes will function better than less flexible ones. True…
A: Introduction:- Cell membrane is present as the outermost covering of a cell. It is made up of lipids…
Q: This figure represents the ABC operon, which is a negative inducible operon, and its associated…
A: Introduction:- Operon is a unit of gene expression that includes the structural genes and the…
Q: Ras/MAP kinase signal transduction cascade
A: MAPK signaling pathway: It is also known as the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK pathway. It is a chain of proteins…
Q: Looking at the picture what is the frame of the ORF?
A: Deoxyribonucleic acid, also known as DNA, is the genetic substance that houses all of an organism's…
Q: Which ingredient(s) cause MSA plates to be selective?
A: MSA (mannitol salt agar) is a kind of selective media that is used for growing, isolation, and…
Q: If the null hypothesis is correct, predict how the proportion of young cacti with nurse plants will…
A: The hypothesis is a supposition and explanation that is proposed. The hypothesis is made on the…
Q: 8. Populations of snapping shrimp from each side of the Isthmus can now be described as two separate…
A: The populations of snapping shrimps became isolated from each other by the land bridge. Over…
Q: iven 0.463 net reproduction per capita and a carrying capacity of 373 of a nature reserve , if 52…
A: Introduction: A carrying capacity is actually a capacity or capability of an area to have…
Q: The figure below illustrates partial models of a starch molecule and a cellulose molecule, two…
A: Introduction The carbon compounds present in living organisms are collectively known as…
Q: Use your knowledge of climate patterns and characteristics of each biome to explain the worldwide…
A: A biome is a biogeographical unit made up of a biological community that has developed as a result…
Q: Another ecologist reported a diversity index value of 1.511 in a different community nearby the one…
A: Species diversity is a "measure of biological variety seen in a certain ecological community,…
Q: Explain why it is common practice to also collect information about the physical environment when…
A: Disclaimer: - According to the BNED guidelines, only the first question can be answered unless…
Q: Huntington's disease is characterized by a late onset of nerve degeneration that leads to death.…
A: Huntington's disease is caused by the dominant allele as given in the question.
Q: The images below are of immunohistochemistry stains for E-cahedrin of ductal lobe carcinomas of the…
A: E-cadherin is one of the cadherin proteins. It has a role in cell adhesion. Therefore, its loss…
Q: talk about darwins journey in tierra del feugo, don't forget to talk about the tools that he used…
A: Darwin spent nearly a year in Tierra del Fuego, exploring the islands and studying the wildlife. In…
Q: Cite instances in the natural setting where the phenomenon of genetic drift
A: Genetic drift is an accidental evolutionary shift in the allelic frequencies of a population.…
Q: Dissect the blood supply to the heart; open each of the four chambers and learn their internal…
A: An organ, of the size of the fist, the heart circulates blood allthrough your body. It serves as…
Q: Lipid solubility is an important parameter that determines the predicted effectiveness of new…
A: Drugs move from a high-concentration area to a low-concentration area across a cell membrane. The…
Q: You are attempting to genotype a series of cells at gene A through restriction enzyme digestion. You…
A: The restriction site mutation (RSM) assay is used to identify DNA mutations at common restriction…
Q: What is it called when some nutrients can not be adequately measured to create an RDA or EAR value?
A: Dietary reference intake consists of 4 reference values based on nutrition according to their…
Q: Where are sperm stored? O epididymis O prostate gland O bulbourethral gland O bladder
A: The male gamete produced in the testes of the male reproductive system is called sperm. It is made…
Q: In wild sunflowers, populations occurs that are either yellow or white. one variety of true breeding…
A: It is given that, in wild sunflowers, populations occur that are either yellow or white. one variety…
Q: 1 4 H 11 Quadrat sampling is a method by which organisms in a certain proportion (sample) of the…
A: Quadrant sampling is the method which is used to count the number of organisms' population in a…
Q: Give an example that shows the relationship between cause, outcome and confounders in the field of…
A: Relationship between Cause, Outcome and Confounders are seem to demonstrate mixing of effects with…
Q: 16. In cold water, natural selection would favor heterozygotes that expressed Hb-1 and Hb-2 at the…
A: The sequence of nucleotides in DNA leads to gene. It encodes a particular peptide. There are two…
Q: 2. What happens to the follicle during the first 14 days that you plotted? 3. What happens in the…
A: Introduction : The menstrual cycle is the term used to describe the monthly cycle of these changes…
Q: Love the One You're With There are six known species of lizard that can reproduce both sexually and…
A: The organism's or an environmental group's atmosphere is the combination of physical, biological,…
Q: What is the carotid artery ? Where is located ? What is its function ? And the diameter and how the…
A: Ans- Carotid artery is a type of blood vessel which located both sides of our neck and transported…
Q: What are the formulating ingredients used in nicotine chewing gum? Please answer at your own easy…
A: Nicotine chewing gum is used for the cessation of smoking habit. It helps to decrease the withdrawal…
Q: In January 2010, a population of organisms had a size of 564. By the end of the year 109 of those…
A: In january 2010 , population of organisms had a size of 564 By the end of the year 109 had died so…
Q: The sequence below represents a strand of mRNA. Draw a box around the start codon. Then use the…
A: Introduction: sequence of the three nucleotides which together form a unit of the genetic code…
Q: Mature human insulin is synthesized from a single Gene but contains two polypeptide chains (A and B)…
A: In the control of human metabolism, insulin is crucial. The -cells in the Islets of Langerhans…
Q: what significant things did darwin find in falkland islands
A: During the second Beagle voyage, Darwin made two trips to the Falkland Islands (from March 1 to…
Q: Find the events from prokaryotic translation from the list below and list them below in order, by…
A: Answer : the events from prokaryotic translation are : G - small ribosomal subunit binds mRNA…
Q: Chains of nucleic acids have directionality and are read in a certain way just like languages are…
A: DNA is the molecule that carries genetic information and is found in nearly all living organisms. It…
Q: [6.5] In the space below, briefly explain why the average times for the two CO₂ molecules you…
A: Regarding gases, a number of fundamental presumptions have been established (through…
Q: 6. In two or three sentences, describe how scientists identified these genes. 7. Why do you think it…
A: Suppose a gene alteration raises the chance of high blood pressure, but no one knows where that gene…
Q: 5. A man who is not bald married a non bald female whose mother is bald. A. What is the chance that…
A: Introduction:- Traits are the phenotypic expression of genotypic constituent of an individual.…
Q: You answered this question like this??? I can’t read the answers , all answers are cut-out please…
A: Mechanisms of reproductive isolation are a collection of behavioural patterns, physiological…
Q: The gene pool includes____________ Group of answer choices below: all of the fitness within a…
A: A gene pool is the collection of all the genes (including alleles) found in a population or species…
Q: 2. Howler Monkeys - National Geographic: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=REPoVfN-Ij4 Questions:…
A: Howler monkeys are the largest group among the new world monkeys.These monkeys are famous for loud…
Q: In the lac operon (below), how will expression of the genes lacZ and lacy be effect by a mutation in…
A: Lac operon includes the genes that code for the enzymes involved in the catabolism of lactose sugar.…
Q: Which of the following best supports the theory that mitochondria are the product of an…
A: According to the endosymbiotic theory, the cell organelles such as mitochondria and plastids were…
Q: 3. Explain how genetic drift can lead to a reduction in the genetic variation within a population
A: The processes of evolution do not operate independently in natural communities. The ramifications of…
Q: ABM aidT 1. In rabbits, coloration of the fur depends on alleles of the gene c. From information…
A: Introduction : Four fur coat alleles in Rabbits are : C, cch, ch and c. Their dominance order is as…
Q: Red-green color blindness is an X-linked recessive disorder. If Allison is heterozygous (a…
A: Introduction: Color blindness is an inherited sex-linked disorder that affects the ability of…
Q: What are defense mechanisms used by each class of Echinoderm?
A: Echinoderms comprise of five classes: Crinoidea (sea lilies), Ophiuroidea (brittle stars or snake…
Q: Your lab partner set up plate 4 by spreading a pure culture of E. coli onto the plate and addind…
A: Escherichia coli, more commonly known as E. coli, is a type of bacteria that is commonly found in…
Q: For this plant with binomial name Ixora coccinea L., What is the reference to the original…
A: Ixora coccinea is a dense, multi-branched evergreen shrub that typically grows to a height of 4-6…
Q: What happens if there is too much p16-ink4a in a juvenile and elderly human? what happens if a…
A: Introduction:- The unregulated and abnormal proliferation of normal cells results into the formation…
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- There are concerns about overuse and misuse of antibacterial drugs, and the association of these with increased antibiotic resisstance in bacteria. Of the following, which best explains this? Antibiotic exposure directly causes many of bacterial in a population to mutate and develop new antibiotic resistance traits. If antibiotic use occurs repeatedly in a person, the dosage of the drug needs to be increased to work in a patient’s system because he/she will develop physiological tolerance to the antibiotic. Exposure to an antibiotic causes bacteria to die or become stronger; stronger bacteria will be better able to cope with additional exposures to any antibiotic drug, eventually becoming immune to all antibiotics. Antibiotics kill susceptible cells and even a small number of existing resistant bacteria that survive will become the majority of the population that remains, leading to populations that are resistant to this drug.If you were developing a new “broad-spectrum” antibiotic to kill a widevariety of bacteria, which cell structures and pathways would you target?Which of those targets also occur in eukaryotic cells, and why is thatimportant? How would your strategy change if you were designing a new“narrow-spectrum” antibiotic active against only a few types of bacteria?Which of these statements is true? a. An antibiotic is any substance produced by a organism that is antagonistic to the growth of prokaryotes. b. An antibiotic is any substance produced by a prokaryote that is antagonistic to the growth of other viruses. c. An antibiotic is any substance produced by a prokaryote that is antagonistic to the growth of eukaryotic cells. d. An antibiotic is any substance produced by a prokaryote that prevents growth of the same prokaryote.
- You will have the opportunity to explore the effectiveness of six different antibacterial substances against a certain species of bacteria. You will follow scientific procedures by questioning, forming a hypothesis, setting up and conducting an experiment, analyzing results, and forming a conclusion. You will determine the comparative effectiveness of six antibiotics. What is the dependent variable? What is the independent variable?During quorum sensing, bacteria sense their populationdensity by:(a) Secretion of inducer molecules that become effectivewhen a sufficient amount is secreted(b) Detection of compression from neighboring cells(c) Detection of nutrient depletion(d) Mobilization of sentry cells that circle the periphery ofthe colonyWhat is the best explanation for why a bacteriostatic treatment might be chosen over a bacteriocidal treatment? Bacteriostatic treatments will eliminate all bacteria while bacteriocidal treatments will only eliminate a portion of the bacteria. Bacteriostatic treatments typically have lower toxicity to the host when compared to bacteriocidal treatments. Bacteriostatic treatments will prevent all bacterial growth, while bacteriocidal treatments will permit some bacterial growth. Bacteriostatic treatments are typically more costly than bacteriocidal treatments.
- Antibiotics such as tetracycline, streptomycin, and bacitracin aresmall organic molecules that are synthesized by particular speciesof bacteria. Microbiologists have hypothesized that the reason whycertain bacteria make antibiotics is to kill other species that occupythe same environment. Bacteria that produce an antibiotic may beable to kill competing species. This provides more resources forthe antibiotic-producing bacteria. In addition, bacteria that havethe genes necessary for antibiotic biosynthesis contain genes thatconfer resistance to the same antibiotic. For example, tetracyclineis made by the soil bacterium Streptomyces aureofaciens. Besidesthe genes that are needed to make tetracycline, S. aureofaciensalso has genes that confer tetracycline resistance; otherwise, itwould kill itself when it makes tetracycline. In recent years, however,many other species of bacteria that do not synthesize tetracyclinehave acquired the genes that confer tetracycline resistance.For example,…Antibiotics such as tetracycline, streptomycin, and bacitracin aresmall organic molecules that are synthesized by particular speciesof bacteria. Microbiologists have hypothesized that the reason whycertain bacteria make antibiotics is to kill other species that occupythe same environment. Bacteria that produce an antibiotic may beable to kill competing species. This provides more resources forthe antibiotic-producing bacteria. In addition, bacteria that havethe genes necessary for antibiotic biosynthesis contain genes thatconfer resistance to the same antibiotic. For example, tetracyclineis made by the soil bacterium Streptomyces aureofaciens. Besidesthe genes that are needed to make tetracycline, S. aureofaciensalso has genes that confer tetracycline resistance; otherwise, itwould kill itself when it makes tetracycline. In recent years, however,many other species of bacteria that do not synthesize tetracyclinehave acquired the genes that confer tetracycline resistance.For example,…Researchers are designing several experiments to test the ability of Salmonella bacteria to develop antibiotic resistance. A culture of Salmonella bacteria is exposed to the same concentrations (200 mg/L) of an antibiotic for four days. The table shows the number of isolated resistant bacteria over a four-day period. Which of the following statements best explains these results? Day Number of Resistant Bacteria in the Culture 1 5 2 59 3 677 4 32,456 The bacteria were not affected by the antibiotic. After being exposed to the antibiotic, the bacteria altered the antibiotic. A new species of bacteria emerged after the antibiotics were introduced. Random mutations led some bacteria to be resistant and, over time, they increased in the population.
- What is the difference between a bactericidal antibiotic and an antibiotic that is bacteriostatic? Examine the zone of inhibition around each disk for the presence of micro colonies within the zone. What do these micro colonies represent? Why didn't plants evolve anti-microbial agents against all the microbes in their environment?Which of the following is NOT among the general strategies that bacteria, insect vectors, andtumor cells all use to evolve resistance to drug treatments include the following, except: a. Lengthening their telomeresb. Block drug entry into cellsc. Metabolize drugs into a less harmful compoundd. Alter the protein structure of the drug’s target within the celle. Decrease efflux of the drugIn a population of cyanobacteria (Chlorogloeopsis fritschii) in a hot spring in Iceland, some of the bacteria can produce chlorophyll f, while some C. fritschii produce only other types of chlorophylls. Chlorophyll f absorbs light outside of the visible light spectrum, namely near infrared light, allowing the bacteria to absorb light that has not been absorbed or reflected by the water or other organisms. The ability to produce chlorophyll f is heritable, and the bacteria with chlorophyll f can live in low-light environments, such as underneath other organisms, or near the bottom of the light-penetrating zone of the spring. What is the adaptation in this population of C. fritschii living in low-light environments? (Choose one.) a) the ability to produce chlorophyll f b) the ability to produce any type of chlorophyll c) the ability to tolerate the high temperatures of the hot spring d) the ability to survive and reproduce